Deadly Thailand-Cambodia Border Clashes Cause Displacement and Draw International Calls for Ceasefire
Thailand and Cambodia are engaged in deadly border clashes resulting in over 30 deaths and mass displacement. Both governments accuse each other of initiating hostilities, with artillery and small arms fire reported near border villages. Diplomatic relations have deteriorated, including ambassador recalls and border closures. International actors, including the UN Security Council and ASEAN, have urged ceasefire and peaceful negotiations, with mediation efforts underway. The use of cluster munitions by Thai forces, though not party to the relevant convention, has drawn condemnation from human rights organizations due to civilian harm. Both sides claim adherence to international law while accusing the other of aggression and using civilians as shields. The conflict exacerbates regional instability, prompting calls for restraint and a negotiated resolution to prevent further humanitarian and legal violations.

Political party demands probe into fraud under National Organic Production Program certification rules
A political party has called for a court-supervised investigation by the central investigative agency into an alleged large-scale fraud involving the sale of conventional cotton as organic cotton in a central Indian state. The fraud reportedly involves manipulation of certification processes under a national organic production program, with many farmers falsely listed as organic producers without their knowledge. This has led to significant financial gains for certain traders through the sale of non-organic cotton at premium prices, alongside substantial tax evasion. The scandal has damaged the country's reputation in the global organic market, resulting in the revocation of certifications by international bodies. The party demands the establishment of a special investigation team led by the central agency and overseen by a high court judge, along with transparent certification inspections and compensation for affected farmers.

Village Panchayats Oppose Same-Village Marriages, Threaten Boycott and Demand Government Ban
Two village panchayats in Punjab's Faridkot district have passed a resolution opposing marriages between individuals from the same village, citing concerns over potential violent disputes and disruption of social harmony. The resolution threatens a boycott of the couple and their families by the entire gram panchayat and residents if such marriages occur. The panchayats have requested the state government to impose a ban on same-village marriages and to prioritize discussion of this issue in the Punjab Assembly. Additionally, the resolution mandates that no person can reside in the village without valid identification such as an Aadhaar card or voter card. Similar opposition to same-village marriages was recently reported from a nagar panchayat in Bathinda district.

Deadly Border Clashes Between Thailand and Cambodia Cause Displacement and Diplomatic Tensions
Thailand and Cambodia engaged in deadly border clashes resulting in at least 33 deaths and over 168,000 displaced persons. Both countries accused each other of initiating attacks involving artillery and small arms fire near disputed border villages. Diplomatic relations deteriorated with ambassador recalls and border closures. International actors, including ASEAN, the UN Security Council, and a third-party nation's leader, urged ceasefire negotiations, with some progress indicated but no confirmed agreements. Human Rights Watch condemned the use of cluster munitions and called for adherence to international humanitarian law to protect civilians, noting school and hospital closures due to the conflict. Both sides deny targeting civilians, accusing the other of using human shields or expanding offensives. The ongoing dispute centers on a long-standing territorial disagreement, with recent escalations threatening regional stability and prompting calls for peaceful resolution through diplomatic mediation.

Former US President's Scotland Golf Visit Sparks Protests Over Trade, Environment, and Security Measures
The visit of a former US president to Scotland involved playing golf at family-owned courses while facing protests across multiple cities. Demonstrators criticized the visit, accusing local leaders of pandering to the US and opposing recent trade agreements. The protests included environmental activists and groups opposing foreign conflicts, forming a coalition against the visitor. Security measures kept protesters at a distance during golf rounds. Public funds were allocated to support a golf championship at one of the president's courses, highlighting economic interests tied to golf tourism. Political figures expressed solidarity with the protests, condemning the visitor's policies and presence. The visit also included planned trade discussions with UK and EU officials. The event underscored tensions between economic promotion and public dissent regarding the former president's political and personal legacy.

Leaders Sign Multiple Agreements to Boost Trade, Tourism, and Digital Payments Between Neighboring Countries
The leaders of two neighboring countries reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening bilateral relations through recent high-level talks, resulting in the signing of multiple memoranda of understanding and agreements across various sectors. Negotiations commenced for a free trade agreement aimed at enhancing economic cooperation. A network-to-network agreement was also established to facilitate digital payment interoperability, expected to benefit tourists and residents of both nations. The partnership emphasizes mutual development, particularly in tourism, and aims to boost people-to-people exchanges. Previous diplomatic tensions caused by derogatory remarks on social media were addressed through renewed dialogue, leading to improved relations. The cooperation reflects a long-standing historical relationship and a shared vision for prosperous future collaboration.

Tech Leaders and Chief Minister Discuss AI-Driven Digitization for Education, Healthcare, Tourism, and Startups Collaboration
Senior executives from a major technology company met with the Chief Minister of a northern Indian region to discuss collaboration on digitization efforts using artificial intelligence. The company representatives expressed interest in supporting initiatives across education, healthcare, tourism, startups, and skill development by deploying scalable AI solutions. They emphasized that AI integration in education and health sectors could significantly benefit the local population. Additionally, the executives highlighted the importance of providing AI platform access to the regional startup community to foster indigenous technological innovation and offer opportunities for local talent to develop AI-based applications.

Historic free trade deal signed to boost infrastructure, energy, jobs, and national development goals
A recently signed free trade agreement between two countries was described as historic by the head of government, emphasizing it as a sign of global trust and national confidence. The agreement is expected to accelerate development goals for the nation and a specific state, focusing on infrastructure and energy as key growth drivers. Concurrently, several infrastructure projects including airport terminals, railway electrification and doubling, highway expansions, and port cargo facilities were inaugurated and dedicated, collectively valued at several thousand crore rupees. These developments are intended to bolster industrial growth, create jobs, and enhance strategic capabilities. The government highlighted the role of domestically manufactured defense equipment in recent military operations. The events included participation from various government officials and honored regional historical figures.

State to Auction Rs 1,000 Crore Government Securities with 22-Year Tenure Under Constitutional Approval
A state government facing financial difficulties has announced the auction of government securities worth Rs 1,000 crore with a 22-year tenure to fund development programs. The auction will be conducted electronically by the central bank at its Mumbai office, with bids submitted via the bank's core banking system. Approval from the central government was obtained in compliance with constitutional requirements. The securities will mature in 2047, with interest paid semiannually. Both competitive and non-competitive bids will be accepted electronically, and auction results will be published on the central bank's website on the auction day. Payment by successful bidders is due before the close of banking hours on the issuance date. The state has previously raised funds through similar securities auctions in recent years.

Six acquitted in 2020 riot arson and robbery case due to prosecution's failure to prove charges
A Delhi court acquitted six individuals accused of arson and robbery related to the 2020 northeast Delhi riots, citing failure of the prosecution to prove the charges. Separately, the Supreme Court is set to hear a plea from a high court judge challenging an in-house inquiry panel's misconduct finding in a cash discovery case. The National Investigation Agency has filed charges against a key ISIS-linked accused for radicalizing Muslim youth in Tamil Nadu. The Election Commission faces criticism in the Supreme Court over excluding Aadhaar and ration cards from acceptable documents in Bihar's electoral roll revision. The Uttarakhand High Court questioned whether an official lacking English proficiency can effectively hold an executive position after an administrative response was given in Hindi during a public interest litigation hearing. The National Human Rights Commission issued notices to the Rajasthan government following a school building collapse causing fatalities and injuries.

Government to Convert Airport Terminal into Cargo Hub Boosting Local Exports and Sustainable Growth by 2047
The government plans to convert an existing airport terminal in a southern district into a dedicated cargo terminal aimed at boosting exports for local farmers, fishermen, and small industries. This initiative seeks to streamline cargo services and promote regional products, aligning with a broader strategy to enhance cargo capacity nationwide by 2047. The project includes sustainable infrastructure, such as a solar plant to reduce carbon emissions. The aviation ministry highlights significant growth in airport infrastructure and employment over the past decade, emphasizing the sector's role in regional economic development. This development is part of a larger national effort to increase cargo throughput and operationalize new airports rapidly, contributing to job creation and economic expansion.

Taiwan Voters Reject Mass Recall of Opposition Lawmakers, Preserving Legislative Balance and Political Stability
Taiwanese voters rejected recall efforts targeting about one-fifth of opposition lawmakers from the China-friendly party, preventing a shift in legislative power to the ruling independence-leaning party. The recall required a quorum and majority support but failed to remove any lawmakers in the unprecedented scale vote, with more recalls scheduled. The opposition party holds a slim legislative majority, complicating the ruling party's agenda and upcoming elections. The ruling party accepted the results as a civic expression, while critics accused the opposition of blocking key legislation and favoring China, raising concerns over democratic integrity. The opposition accused the ruling party of political retaliation through recalls. The vote heightened tensions between pro-status quo and pro-Beijing factions, with allegations of interference by Chinese authorities aiming to influence the election outcome. The results suggest ongoing legislative gridlock and political instability ahead of future elections.

Government Focuses on Sustained Economic Growth with Increased Public Spending and Investment Incentives
The government prioritizes sustained economic growth amid global uncertainties, emphasizing increased public capital expenditure as a key driver. Following a slowdown to 6.5% growth in the previous fiscal year, projections for the current year range between 6.3% and 6.8%. Efforts include fostering job creation, attracting foreign direct investment through favorable policies, and encouraging competition among states to boost investment. Bilateral trade agreements with several countries are advancing, while relations with a major trading partner show cautious improvement, marked by recent diplomatic engagement. The government aims to balance domestic economic goals within fiscal constraints and seeks to strengthen its global economic position, particularly by redefining the voice of developing nations.

Prime Minister inaugurates Rs 4,900 crore infrastructure projects including airport terminal and highways
The Prime Minister inaugurated and dedicated infrastructure projects valued at Rs 4,900 crore in a southern Indian state, encompassing airport, highway, railway, port, and power sectors. Key developments include a new terminal building spanning 17,000 square meters. The event featured presentations of symbolic mementos by state officials and participation from various government representatives.

Airline Provides Interim Compensation to Families of 166 Crash Victims Under Safety Regulation Section 45
A private airline has paid interim compensation to the families of 166 victims of a recent plane crash involving one of its flights, with payments to 52 additional families underway. The crash resulted in 260 deaths, including passengers and casualties on the ground. The airline announced an interim compensation amount to assist families with immediate financial needs, which will be deducted from any final settlement. The company has also established a memorial and welfare trust for the victims and committed to supporting the reconstruction of damaged infrastructure related to the accident.

NGO Challenges Exclusion of Aadhaar and Ration Cards in Electoral Roll Revision Under Section 14A
An NGO challenged the exclusion of Aadhaar and ration cards from the list of valid documents for the Special Intensive Revision of Bihar's electoral rolls, arguing before the Supreme Court that this exclusion is unjustified and could lead to disenfranchisement of many voters. The NGO highlighted that Aadhaar is accepted for various official purposes and that the Election Commission provided no valid reason for its rejection in the SIR process. It contended that the broad discretion given to Electoral Registration Officers may result in arbitrary exclusion of eligible voters, undermining free and fair elections, which are fundamental to the Constitution. The Election Commission defended the SIR as necessary to remove ineligible voters. The Supreme Court had previously directed the Election Commission to consider Aadhaar, Voter ID, and ration cards as valid documents during the ongoing revision of Bihar's electoral rolls.

India-UK FTA Grants Duty-Free Access on 99% Indian Exports, Protects Sensitive Agricultural Products
The India-UK Free Trade Agreement (FTA) was signed, aiming to provide duty-free access on 99% of Indian exports to the UK while protecting sensitive agricultural and dairy sectors by excluding items like rice, sugar, and ethanol from duty concessions. The agreement is expected to benefit various sectors including farmers, entrepreneurs, MSMEs, and youth. It also includes recognition of India's Geographical Indication products and a Double Contribution Convention Agreement, allowing Indian service workers in the UK to contribute to their provident fund. The FTA was negotiated on terms favorable to India, contrasting with previous agreements criticized for harming domestic manufacturing. The agreement does not address the UK's proposed carbon tax, which India considers a non-issue given its environmental progress and readiness to respond to any trade barriers.

Protests Erupt Over Former US President's Golf Trip Amid Trade Talks and Policy Concerns
The visit of a former US president to Scotland, where he played golf at his family-owned courses, prompted protests across the country. Demonstrators criticized the UK government for accommodating the visit and recent trade agreements perceived as favorable to the US. Various activist groups formed a coalition to oppose the visit, citing concerns over immigration policies, international conflicts, and environmental issues. Protesters expressed strong disapproval through chants, signs, and symbolic attire, though the turnout was smaller than during a previous visit. Supporters of the former president organized counter-demonstrations via social media. The visit included planned meetings with UK and European Union officials to discuss trade, alongside ceremonial events at the golf courses. The situation highlights tensions between public dissent and diplomatic engagements during the visit.

India's Defence Policy Now Allows Armed Forces Immediate Response Without Central Approval Under New Rules
The statement highlights a significant shift in India's defence policy, emphasizing that armed forces no longer require prior approval from central command to respond to cross-border aggression, allowing immediate retaliatory action. It references a specific military operation as evidence of a proactive stance against terrorism linked to a neighboring country. The government asserts a firm approach toward terrorism and its supporters, including nuclear deterrence. Defence production and exports have increased, contrasting with previous shortages under the former administration. Infrastructure development near the border has also expanded substantially, improving military readiness. The remarks criticize past policies that limited border infrastructure development, arguing the current government has enhanced strategic capabilities and operational autonomy for the armed forces.

Head of Government Concludes Visit After Signing Six Key Cooperation Agreements and Extending Rs 4,850 Crore Credit
A state visit concluded with the departure of a head of government from an island nation after attending its 60th Independence Day celebrations as guest of honour. During the visit, extensive bilateral talks were held focusing on enhancing cooperation in trade, defence, and maritime security. The visiting country extended a line of credit worth approximately Rs 4,850 crore and agreed to finalize a free trade agreement. Six agreements were signed covering fisheries, meteorology, digital infrastructure, payment systems, pharmacopoeia, and concessional credit. The visit also included engagement with the local diaspora and beneficiaries of a technical and economic cooperation program, emphasizing strong bilateral ties. This visit followed a prior trade deal signed with another nation to eliminate tariffs on various goods.