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2024 (4) TMI 700
Absolute Confiscation - Imposition of penalty under Section 112 of the Customs Act, 1962 - Smuggling of Gold - foreign origin Gold - non-recording of statements to corroborate the allegation of smuggling of gold - HELD THAT:- It is observed that nowhere appellants, namely, Shri Rupam Ghosh and Shri Vijay Bhagat, during the course of interrogation or thereafter, have denied their implication in the case. Only at the time of appellate stage, they are claiming that they have been falsely implicated in the case - As gold has been recovered from the possession of Shri Vijay Bhagat and Shri Rupam Ghosh, therefore, they cannot claim that they have been falsely implicated in this case and recovery of the gold was made on the basis of foreign marking, having a reasonable belief that gold is of foreign origin.
The gold in question has been rightly confiscated absolutely by the ld. adjudicating authority. As recovery of gold has been made from Shri Vijay Bhagat and Shri Rupam Ghosh, therefore, they cannot be exonerated. Accordingly, the penalty imposed on them of Rs.3,00,000/- each is confirmed.
Although the name of Shri Suresh Patil has been given by Shri Rupam Ghosh and Shri Vijay Bhagat during the course of investigation, but no corroborative evidence has been produced by the Revenue apart from the statement of the co-accused to allege that Shri Suresh Patil or Shri Balaji Abaso Patil (appellants herein) were involved in the activity of smuggling of the gold in question - As no evidence has been produced by the Revenue against Shri Suresh Patil and Shri Balaji Abaso Patil, therefore, no penalty can be imposed on the said two appellants.
Appeal disposed off.
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2024 (4) TMI 699
Seizure of Gold - Extension of time u/s 110 (2) of the Customs Act for issuance of SCN - Absolute Confiscation of gold recovered during the course of search - imposition of penalties - failure to submit the documents of procurement of gold bars of foreign origin at the time of seizure in terms of Section 123 of the Customs Act, 1962 - Admissibility of statements.
Extension of time under Section 110 (2) of the Customs Act - HELD THAT:- It is found that during the course of investigation, Panchanama was drawn and in Panchanama while seizing the gold, some papers were also recovered from the possession of the Appellant No. (2), but the details of those papers were neither supplied or mentioned in the Panchanama nor recorded in the relied upon documents - further the fact noted is that as per the examination report of CRCL, the purity of gold was found 99.5%. Although the gold is having a foreign markings that does not establish that the gold is foreign gold as the foreign marking gold contains purity of 99.9%. In that circumstances, the Revenue has failed to make the reason to believe that the gold in question is smuggled in nature.
Applicability of provisions of Section 123 of the Customs Act, 1962 - HELD THAT:- As the purity of gold was 99.5%, although there is an inscription of gold being of foreign origin, which does not establish that the gold in question is of smuggled in nature. Moreover, one of the gold bar is having marked as “MMTC PAMP” that the gold bar cannot be of foreign origin and smuggled one, which itself breaks the case of the Revenue. The Revenue is also relying the marking of “MMTC PAMP” Indian marks, therefore, how can it be alleged that the gold in question is of foreign origin and smuggled one, therefore, the Revenue has failed to make out a case of reasonable belief that the gold in question is smuggled one. Consequently, the provisions of Section 123 of the Customs Act, 1962 are applicable to the facts of the case.
Admissibility of statements - HELD THAT:- The case of the Revenue is based only on the basis of statement of the Appellant No.(2) during the course of interrogation on 19.06.2016, no further corroborative evidence has been produced by the Revenue in support of their allegation that the gold in question is of foreign origin and smuggled one. Without corroborative evidence, the statement of the Appellant No.(2) dated 19.06.2016 is inadmissible.
Thus, the gold in question cannot be held liable to be confiscated. Consequently, the order for confiscation of gold in question is set aside. As the gold in question is not liable for confiscation, therefore, no penalties can be imposed on the appellants.
The impugned order is set aside - appeal allowed.
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2024 (4) TMI 698
Town Seizure - Absolute confiscation of gold - imposition of penalties on the firm as well as on the appellants - onus to prove u/s 123 of CA - HELD THAT:- It is found that it is a case of town-seizure. Moreover, the gold bars recovered were having no markings and having purity of 99.96%. In that circumstances, the Revenue has failed to discharge their onus how they form an opinion that they have a reasonable belief that the gold is of foreign origin and smuggled one. Moreover, the appellants have been able to prove by producing various documentary evidences, like, their Books of Accounts and certification from M/s G.N.H. & R [P] Ltd., Kolkata and the appellants have also produced certain “Hall Marking” issued by them from time to time. In that circumstances, the appellants were able to discharge their onus of procurement of gold through licit means in terms of Section 123 of the Customs Act, 1962.
The gold in question cannot be held liable to be confiscated. Consequently, the order for confiscation of gold in question is set aside and as the gold in question is not liable for confiscation, therefore, no penalties can be imposed on the appellants.
The impugned order set aside - appeal allowed.
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2024 (4) TMI 697
Classification of imported goods - amino acid powder - whey protein powder - to be classified them under the Customs Tariff Item (CTI) 29379090 or under CTI 21069099? - multiple assessments in the same Bills of Entry - Finalization of provisional assessment - violation of principles of natural justice - Jurisdiction - Assistant Commissioner of Customs, proper officer or not - enhancement of value of Insane Lab Psychotic (Amino Acid Powder).
Were there multiple assessments in the same Bills of Entry in these cases contrary to the provisions of section 17 as alleged by the appellant? - HELD THAT:- Assessment has to be done by the importer himself and the proper officer can (a) verify the entries made, i.e., the details provided in the Bill of Entry with regard to the nature of goods, specifications, value, etc; and (b) verify the self-assessment of the goods; and then re-assess the duty. Both the self-assessment and the re-assessment are assessments as per section 2(2). But there could be occasions when the assessment cannot be done at that stage because of some details or test report, etc. are required. In such cases, the goods are provisionally assessed to duty and the goods are cleared for home consumption and thereafter, the provisional assessment is finalized. In such a case, although the goods cease to be imported goods once they are cleared for home consumption, the assessment which was only provisional before such clearance has to be finalized. This finalization is not a new assessment but a completion of the assessment which was left incomplete before the goods were cleared.
Once an order under section 47 is issued, the goods cease to be ‘imported goods’ as per section 2(25) and therefore, no assessment of duty is possible. Thus, it puts an end to the process of assessment under section 17. Thereafter, the assessment already made can be modified either on appeal to the Commissioner (Appeals) by either side or an appeal by higher appellate authorities or it can be reopened and revised by the department by issuing an SCN under section 28 - until the order clearing the goods for home consumption under section 47 is issued, the goods continue to be imported goods and assessment and re-assessment is permissible more than once. It is this flexibility within the system which greatly facilitates trade and expedites clearances while providing an opportunity to the assessing officer to make changes in the assessment if necessitated before clearing the goods for home consumption.
Finalization of provisional assessment - Was there any violation of principles of natural justice in these cases? - HELD THAT:- As per the Customs Act, SCN has to be issued under section 28 (if a demand is being raised) or under section 124 (if the goods are to be confiscated or penalty is to be imposed). Regular assessment under section 17 or its finalization under section 18 have no provision for issue of SCN. However, if the duty is re-assessed under section 17(2) by the proper officer, unless the importer accepts such re- assessment in writing, he has to issue a speaking order within 15 days. Similarly, nothing in section 18 which deals with provisional assessment or its finalization provides for issue of an SCN. In these cases, initially, the Bills of Entry were provisionally assessed awaiting the test reports of CRCL on receiving which the assessments were finalized. The appellant was provided copies of the test reports and the appellant made written submissions which were considered - thus, no violation of either any provision of the Act or the principles of natural justice in not issuing an SCN to the appellant before finalizing the assessment.
Was the Assistant Commissioner of Customs who passed the OIO the proper officer to do so? - HELD THAT:- The provisional assessment order was issued by Assistant Commissioner, ICD, Piyala and it was finalized by the Deputy Commissioner, ICD, Piyala. A successor in office naturally completes the action by the predecessor. There are no infirmity in the order of finalization of assessment being done by the successor officer.
Were the imported goods classifiable under CTI 29379090 as claimed by the appellant or CTI 21069099 as classified in the impugned orders? - HELD THAT:- It is evident both from the test reports of CRCL as well as copies of the labels of the imported goods enclosed with the appeal that they are mixtures of amino acids and also contain vitamins and caffeine or tea extract and other similar substances. They are meant to be consumed as such or after mixing in water. They are not meant to be consumed in unlimited quantities and the recommended consumption is also indicated - Nothing in the test reports or in the labels indicates that they are either hormones or hormone-stimulating factors as is claimed by the learned counsel.
The imported goods are not protein concentrates (such as whey protein) but are mixtures of amino acids, vitamins, etc. for use by dissolving in water. In our considered view, Chapter Note 5(b) squarely puts the imported goods under heading 2106 and since they do not exactly fall under any of the other Customs Tariff Items, CTI 2106 90 99 is the correct classification.
Can the enhancement of value of Insane Lab Psychotic (Amino Acid Powder) 35 SU/220 grams be sustained? - HELD THAT:- The assistant Commissioner, finding the value of US$ 10.25 per piece much lower, rejected it under rule 12 of the Customs Valuation Rules and enhanced it to US$ 12.50 per piece based on a previous import by the appellant itself, under Rule 4 of the Customs Valuation Rules. The Commissioner (Appeals), observing that the contemporaneous value adopted was for the same product imported by the same importer, upheld the re-determination of value. We find that the appellant’s submission that the previous import by the invoice dated 22.10.2018 was for only 1176 pieces while this import by Invoice dated 24.09.2018 was for 15,624/- pieces deserves to be accepted. When 14 times as many goods are imported, a reduction in pieces per piece from US$ 12.50 to US $ 10.25 is explicable in the normal course of business. The enhancement of value cannot, therefore, be sustained.
Appeal allowed in part.
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2024 (4) TMI 696
Valuation of imported goods - Ethylene Vinyl Acetate [EVA] - rejection of declared value - redetermination of value based on the contemporaneous imports - reliability on the test report of CIPET - correctness of method of re-determination of value - HELD THAT:- The test report clearly states that the sample which was tested was from the Bill of Entry in dispute. It also specifies which standard methodology was adopted for testing each of the parameters. CIPET is the premier plastics research and training institute of the country and when it has adopted specific testing methods, there are no reason to doubt them. The appellant provided no reasons whatsoever to support its assertion that the method adopted by CIPET was incorrect. The method adopted by CIPET was ASTM E 1131 (TGA method). The appellant says ASTM D 5594-98 was the correct method and it will give the result according to its declaration. ASTM stands for American Society for Testing and Materials which lays down standards for materials as well as testing protocols which are followed world over - there are no reason to believe that the ASTM standard followed by the CIPET is incorrect.
Insofar as the other test reports submitted by the appellant are concerned, any test report is as good as the sample. For instance, if we say, blood sugar content is very high, we should specify whose blood was drawn and tested and if it was drawn fasting or post prandial. Otherwise, the blood sugar levels in the test report mean nothing. Neither of the test reports relied upon by the appellant indicates that the samples which were tested were from the goods imported against the Bill of Entry - Further, even if there is one report from the Government laboratory and another from a private party, the law laid down by the Supreme Court in Reliance Cellulose is that the test report of the government laboratory cannot be discarded in favour of some private test report - it is held in favour of Revenue and against the appellant insofar as the test report is concerned.
Valuation of imported goods - imported EVA was declared to have 18% vinyl acetate but on testing by CIPET was found to contain 22.4% vinyl acetate - HELD THAT:- If the assessing officer rejects the transaction value under Rule 12, then the value has to be re-determined under Valuation Rules 4 to 9 - The assessing officer determined the value under Rule 9 observing that the other Rules from 4 to 8 do not apply and, therefore, determined the assessee value as per the contemporaneous values as per Independent Commodity Intelligence Service (ICIS) data. Learned counsel submits that if contemporaneous values must be considered they must originate from the same area. While its imports were from Saudi Arabia, the contemporaneous values adopted were based on the values of imports from other regions - the officer had no choice but to look at the values of EVA with 22% vinyl acetate imported from other countries. After considering all such values, he adopted the lowest of such values - there are no infirmity in the determination of the assessable value in this case.
The impugned order is upheld - the appeal is dismissed.
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2024 (4) TMI 695
Revocation of Customs Broker License - forfeiture of security deposit - imposition of penalty - fulfilment of obligations as required under CHALR, 2004/CBLR, 2018 or not - undervalued goods or not - mis-declaration in import of goods in order to evade payment of customs duty - contravention of Regulations 13(d), 13(e) and 13(n) of CHALR, 2004 corresponding to 10(d), 10(e) and 10(m) of CBLR, 2018.
Violation of Regulation 10(d) - HELD THAT:- The appellants have duly filed the bills of entry as per the documents given by the importers and they were not aware of the purported mis-declaration of the imported goods. In the instant case, the violations were found by the department only on the basis of specific information received by NSPU and further investigations carried out thereafter. Hence the appellants CB cannot be found fault for the reason that they did not advise their client importer to comply with the provisions of the Act. Further, as the purported mis-declaration of imported goods was not known to the appellants, the non-compliance by the importer in respect of imported goods could not have been brought to the notice of the Deputy Commissioner of Customs (DC) or Assistant Commissioner of Customs (AC) by the appellants CB - the violation of Regulation 10(d) ibid, as concluded in the impugned order is not sustainable.
Violation of Regulation 10(e) - HELD THAT:- The documents submitted by the importer to the appellants CB included invoice, packing list, Bill of lading and country of origin certificate. The copy of these documents were perused and we find that the Commercial invoice and Bill of lading No. SHASEA03943 specifically mentions the name and address of the supplier/consignor as Hangzhou Westlake Automotive Spare Parts Group, INC., Hangzhou, China. Besides the country of origin certificate issued by China Trade Council specify that imported goods are of HS code 8708.93 of Harmonized System of international classification and that the goods are of origin of the People’s Republic of China. However, while declaring the imported goods in the B/E, the tariff classification mentioned in these documents were not cross verified by the appellants CB - the conclusion arrived at by the Commissioner of Customs (General) has merits and his findings on the violation of said Regulation 10(e) ibid is sustainable on basis of above documents.
Violation of Regulation 10(m) - HELD THAT:- Before the imported goods were taken up for investigation, the customs duty on declared value was duly paid on 13.07.2009 i.e., the same day of filing B/E. Even during investigation proceedings, right from detailed examination of the goods under panchnama proceedings, the appellants CB's representative was present and cooperated with investigation authorities. Further, voluntary statements were also given during the investigation by the partner Shri Lalit Agarwal, of appellants CB and S/Shri Sampat Phatangare, Arjun Nishit, employees of the appellants CB. The details of Retail Sale Price (RSP) in respect of all the 89 items of imported goods had been declared in the B/E. Further, there is no case of importer or any other person having complained about the inefficiency or delay in clearance of the imported goods by the appellants CB. Therefore, the conclusion arrived at by the learned Commissioner of Customs that the appellants have failed to discharge their obligations cast on him under Regulation 10(m) ibid is factually non supported by any evidence and thus it is not legally sustainable.
The appellants could have been proactive in fulfilling their obligation as Customs Broker for exercising due diligence, particularly when the import documents indicated the correct tariff classification. Thus, to this extent the appellants CB are found to have not complied with the requirement of Regulation 10(e) ibid and thus partial forfeiture of security deposit for an amount of Rs.5000/- for not being proactive for fulfilling of obligation under Regulation 10(e) ibid alone, is appropriate and justifiable.
There are no merits in the impugned order passed by the learned Commissioner of Customs (General), Mumbai in forfeiture of security deposit of Rs.15,000/- for violations under Regulations 13(d), 13(e) and 13(n) of CHALR, 2004 corresponding to 10(d), 10(e) and 10(m) of CBLR, 2018 - in view of the failure of the part of appellants in not having acted in a proactive manner in fulfillment of the obligation under Regulation 10(e) ibid, corresponding to 13(e) of CHALR, 2004 particularly when they had received the documents indicating the correct HS code for the imported goods, it is found that it is justifiable to partially forfeit the security deposit to the extent of Rs.5,000/-, which would be reasonable, commensurate with the violation and would be in line with the judgement of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS VERSUS M/S K.M. GANATRA & CO. [2016 (2) TMI 478 - SUPREME COURT], in bringing out the importance of crucial role played by a Customs Broker.
Appeal allowed in favour of appellant.
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2024 (4) TMI 694
Recovery of SAD refund sanctioned erroneously - benefit of N/N. 102/2007-Cus dated 14.09.2007 denied - mis-match between the imported goods and sale of imported goods - purchase of wooden logs but sale after processing i.e. in sawn sized - As per the department since the imported goods were not sold as such the refund is not admissible - Extended period of Limitation -HELD THAT:- Obviously when the form of the wooden timber is changed the description and quantity will be different in the sale invoice as compared to the bill of entry. However, there is no allegation of the department that the goods sold by the appellant is not imported goods but some different goods. Therefore, so long the same imported goods have been sold due to minor difference in the details will not jeopardise the substantial benefit of the refund to the appellant.
The main condition for granting the refund is that the importer should pay the VAT/sales tax which is not under dispute. Therefore, the SAD paid in lieu of sales tax has to be refunded. The main reason for difference of description is that the timber logs imported have undergone the process of sawing and sawn timber was sold. This issue has been raised against various importers of timber logs and in some of the cases the Tribunal has held that merely because the timber log is converted into sawn timber and the same has been sold, the benefit of the N/N. 102/2007-Cus cannot be denied.
As regard other discrepancies raised by the department, the difference in description and certain other details does not prove that the goods sold by the appellant on which Notification No. 102/2007 was availed is not for the imported goods but for some other goods. Therefore, due to minor difference of details between the invoice and bills of entry is at the most merely a procedure lapse which does affect the vital facts that the SAD was paid by the importer and against sale of the said goods the appellant has discharged the VAT/sales tax, therefore, there is no concrete reason for denial of the refund.
Extended period of Limitation - HELD THAT:- Admittedly the show cause notice has been issued after one year from the date of sanction of refund. The refund was sanctioned by the sanctioning authority after due verification of all the documents and if there is any difference of description, it was found that the same is not a forgery with intention to defraud the government. Therefore, it cannot be said that the appellant have suppressed the facts or mis-represent with intention to evade payment of duty. In this fact, the judgments cited by the appellant in the case of Tamil Nadu Housing Board [1994 (9) TMI 69 - SUPREME COURT] directly supports their case on limitation. Accordingly, the demand is not sustainable on limitation also.
The demand for recovery of refund already sanctioned is not sustainable. Hence, the impugned order is set aside - Appeal allowed.
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2024 (4) TMI 693
Valuation of goods - addition of franchise fee and international marketing charges incurred and of services obtained, in transaction value under the authority of rule 10 of Customs Valuation (Determination of Value of Imported Goods) Rules, 2007 - Penalty under section 114AA of Customs Act, 1962 - extended period of limitation - HELD THAT:- In the extant version of section 14 of Customs Act, 1962, between ‘transaction value’ and the proviso therein, as set out in section 14, is the mandate for inclusions in the price, agreed upon for the particular shipment and which is not in doubt, to render the ‘transaction value’ compatible with ‘value’ intended for assessment in section 14 of Customs Act, 1962. It also empowers framing of rules to that end besides resort to rules for attending upon circumstances in which ‘transaction value’ is not available. The valuation provision itself thus distinguishes ‘transaction value’ and ‘transaction value not being determined’ which calls for recourse to the Rules framed under that empowerment. The Rules provide for substitution when ‘transaction value’ of imported goods are not available, for inclusion in ‘transaction value’ for adjustment to conform to ‘value’ and for empowering the deeming of ‘transaction value’ as not being available. Merely owing to the remedies for these contingencies being collated in one statutory instrument, every recourse is not to be attended by taint on ‘transaction value’ meriting rejection.
The ‘franchise fee’ and ‘international marketing charges’ are to be included in the ‘transaction value’ for conformity with section 14 of Customs Act, 1962. To that extent, and in the context of not being pressed on behalf of the appellants, the includibility attains finality. On the issue of inclusion of third element in order of Commissioner of Customs, Air Cargo Complex (ACC), it has been submitted that the dispute for subsequent period has been remanded to the original authority. It is, however noted, that dropping of that element in the adjudication orders has not been appealed against by Revenue. It must be presumed to have attained finality in favour of appellant herein.
Penalty under section 114AA of Customs Act, 1962 - HELD THAT:- The decision in SHRI. T.R. VENKATADARI, SHRI. SANJAY AGGARWAL, SHRI. A. RAGHUNATHAN, SHRI. VIJAY MALLYA VERSUS COMMISSIONER OF SERVICE TAX-I, MUMBAI [2017 (10) TMI 455 - CESTAT MUMBAI], combined with the lack of any evidence of roles played by any individual, suffices to set aside that detriment. The imposition of penalty under section 114A of Customs Act, 1962 in one of the orders of Commissioner of Customs, Nhava Sheva is contrary to law and must be set aside.
Confiscation - penalty u/s 112 of Customs Act, 1962 - HELD THAT:- The confiscation ordered in all three orders and penalty ordered under section 112 of Customs Act, 1962 in two of the orders are without sufficient examination of law and fact. Likewise, the invoking of extended period in all the orders has been undertaken without proper examination of factual circumstances that enable such demand. These require re-ascertainment in accordance with our observations supra including quantification of demand legally recoverable.
All the orders are set aside and restored to the original authority for fresh proceedings that shall be limited to justification, if any, for invoking extended period and consequent quantification of tenable demand and to evaluate the grounds on which liability to confiscation are supported by law and facts with penalty under section 112 to follow only in the event of validation of confiscation.
Appeal disposed off.
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2024 (4) TMI 643
Maintainability of petition - availability of alternative remedy of appeal - compounding of offence - CESTAT has jurisdiction to entertain an application vis-a-vis compounding of an offence under Section 137 of the Customs Act, 1962, or not - HELD THAT:- Bearing in mind the submissions of learned senior counsel and also the fact that the CESTAT has now remanded the matter to the Chief Commissioner to reconsider the application filed for compounding of the offence under Section 137 of the Customs Act, 1962, the matter needs no interference.
The Chief Commissioner is now to re-consider the said application in accordance with law. The Chief Commissioner to dispose of the said application filed under Section 137 of the Customs Act as expeditiously as possible.
SLP disposed off.
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2024 (4) TMI 642
Revocation of Customs Broker Licence - forfeiture of security deposit - levy of penalty - mis-declaration of quantity of imported goods - violation of the provisions of Regulation 11(n) of CBLR, 2013 - HELD THAT:- From the facts of the present case, it is evident that the manner in which Shri Bansal was dealing with the appellant in relation to the imports for all practical purposes, he was the actual importer and Shri Praveen Singh Patwal was merely a dummy IEC holder. He categorically stated that whenever the consignment arrived, the documents were sent to him by Shri Rajesh Bansal or else his field boy used to go to the office of Shri Rajesh Bansal at Tip Top Market, Karol Bagh to collect the documents. More important was that after customs clearance, the goods used to go to the premises of Shri Rajesh Bansal at Karol Bagh is a pertinent factor which could not have been ignored by the appellant. Similarly, the payments used to be made by Shri Rajesh Bansal or Sunil Badlani. The entire working was within the knowledge of the appellant and the fact that this modus-operandi was followed in the past clearances of around 60-70 consignments clearly reflects connivance on the part of the appellant.
Also on same set of facts that Narendra Narula, Proprietor of GND Cargo Movers (CHA) was well aware of the fact that Shri Praveen Singh Patwal was the proprietor of M/s. Royal International and Shri Rajesh Bansal was actually importing the goods in the name of M/s Royal International, although Shri Bansal was not the proprietor of the said firm, show cause notice dated 29.11.2013 was issued under the Customs Act, 1962 and on adjudication, order-in-original dated 30.03.2018 was passed whereby penalty of Rs.10 lakhs was imposed on Shri Narendra Narula under Section 112 (a) of the Act. The findings given on the same facts in the collateral proceedings on adjudication are binding.
Customs broker is expected to act with great sense of responsibility and take care of the interest of both the client and the revenue. Violations even without intent are sufficient to take action against the appellant.
Proportionality of punishment - HELD THAT:- The adjudicating authority had taken a balanced view that CB cannot escape his duty of KYC verification just by obtaining photo copies of two identity and interest proof documents and therefore having violated regulation 11 (n) rightly revoked the CB license and forfeited the security deposit amount but refrained from imposing separate penalty on the appellant. In M/S FALCON INDIA (CUSTOMS BROKER) VERSUS COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS (AIRPORT & GENERAL) NEW DELHI [2022 (3) TMI 1268 - CESTAT NEW DELHI], the Tribunal was of the view that there is no reason to show any leniency once violation is noticed and it is not for the Tribunal to interfere with the punishment meted out by the disciplinary authority, i.e. the Commissioner, unless it shocks the conscience.
Referring to the provisions of Regulation 11(n) and the judicial pronouncements, Mr. Rakesh Kumar, learned Authorised Representative submitted that Shri Narula (CB) in his statement recorded under Section 108 of the Act accepted that he has not verified the antecedents of the importer as the documents were handed over by Shri Badlani, an Associate of Shri Rajesh Bansal, who is not the IEC holder and he also admitted that the imports were made through a dummy IEC holder - there are no infirmity or perversity in the conclusion arrived at in imposing the punishment by the impugned order.
The impugned order upheld - appeal dismissed.
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2024 (4) TMI 641
Valuation of imported goods - rejection of value - enhancement of value, on the basis of a price quote appearing on the internet website - Confiscation on account of mis-match colour, batch number and batch quantity, which occurred on account of mistake on the part of the foreign supplier - confiscation also on the ground that one batch number being omitted to be mentioned by mistake in the Test Certificate of the Testing Laboratory.
Enhancement of value - HELD THAT:- Merely on the basis of the quote available on particular website it is not sufficient to enhance the value of the imported goods. at the same time the value appearing on website is abnormally high i.e. 0.36 per piece therefore the matter needs to be reconsidered on the basis of other material, if any. It is also observed that for applying the value of contemporaneous import it will also be important to see various factor such as similar goods, same quality, country of the export and the time of import. Therefore, merely on the basis of the quote available on the website value cannot be enhanced.
Confiscation of the goods on the basis mis-match of colour, batch number and batch quantity - appellant submitted that the mistake has occurred in the part of the supplier which has subsequently been clarified by the supplier - HELD THAT:- It is prima facie found that because of this error it does not conclusively lead to any mala fide on the part of the appellant. The Adjudicating authority must reconsider the clarification given by the supplier and also to see that whether there is any intention to evade/ short paid the custom duty. It is also the submission of the appellant that even though this mistake has occurred the total quantity of the goods is matching. This aspect also needs to be re-looked into by the adjudicating authority.
Confiscation on allegation that in test certificate one batch number is mentioned wrongly - HELD THAT:- It is found that it was a typographical error and the testing laboratory has rectified the error. Once the typographical error has been rectified, the mistake dose not remains and after rectification only for the mere typographical error goods cannot be confiscated. Therefore the adjudicating authority has to reconsider this matter accepting the rectification of the error done by the concerned laboratory.
The entire matter needs to be reconsidered therefore the impugned order is set aside. The appeals are allowed by way of remand to the adjudicating authority for passing a fresh order.
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2024 (4) TMI 640
Valuation of imported goods - inclusion of royalty in the invoice value - Rule 10(1)(c) of the Customs Valuation Rules, 2007 - HELD THAT:- Impliedly, the direction of the first appellate authority is not relatable to goods under import or under proceedings for recovery of duty short-paid on import. A proceedings which does not pertain to goods under import or already imported and cleared is not a proceedings acknowledgeable under Customs Act, 1962. Neither Learned Counsel nor Learned Authorised Representative were able to evince notice under section 28 of Customs Act, 1962 for recovery of duty arising from proposed addition to declared value by recourse to rule 10(1)(c) of Customs Valuation (Determination of Value of Imported Goods) Rules, 2007 or for finalization of assessment under section 18 of Customs Ac, 1962 which, other than section 124 of Customs Act, 1962, should be the requisite framework for adjudication and appellate disposal.
The order impugned before the first appellate authority has its origins in a peculiar institution of customs administration, viz., Special Valuation Branch (SVB) or GATT Valuation Cell (GVC), found in some of the older customs houses with specific remit to investigate acceptability of price declared for assessment of goods transacted between related persons. This arises from provisioning in section 14 of Customs Act, 1962 for assessable value to factor in relationship affecting price arrangement in transactions which frailty of human expression could but, in the nascent stage of harmonized approach to valuation, inadequately articulate as the norm or the deviation, and as remedies appurtenant thereto, to justify institutionalized support to assessment hierarchy.
Furthermore, from the absence of show cause notice, as well as response by or on behalf of appellant about fiscal detriment in proceedings, we may not be wrong in speculating that such imports as may be subject to oversight of Special Valuation Branch (SVB) are, invariably, assessed provisionally for finalization to be undertaken upon completion of ascertainment by Special Valuation Branch (SVB) - As appeal has not been directed before first appellate authority against order of such ‘proper officer’, it transgresses the remand jurisdiction of such appellate authority to issue directions to a ‘proper officer’ who has yet to undertake finalization. Direction to the ostensible ‘original authority’ is nothing but an exercise in futility and direction to the ‘proper officer’, and the statutorily empowered potential ‘original authority’, is beyond appellate jurisdiction of Commissioner of Customs (Appeals) before whom assessment was not under challenge.
There was no cause for grievance to initiate appellate remedies. Such opportunity would have presented itself after finalization. Implicit in acknowledgement of appellate remedy against ‘advisory’ of Special Valuation Branch (SVB) is another round of appeal through the first appellate authority on the same goods and on the same facts which does not sit well with the principle of comity of courts. The appeal before the first appellate authority was, thus, premature. This aspect of disposal of the appeal within the scheme of Customs Act, 1962, and the role of Deputy Commissioner, Special Valuation Branch (SVB) within it, had not been evaluated by the Commissioner of Customs (Appeals).
The impugned order set aside - appeal restored to first appellate authority to dispose off the pleas of the appellant-Assistant Commissioner in accordance with the scheme of Customs Act, 1962 - appeal allowed by way of remand.
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2024 (4) TMI 639
Penalties u/s 112 and section 114AA of Customs Act, 1962 - classification of goods imported under duty exemption entitlement certificate (DEEC) scheme of the Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) and corresponding N/N. 93/2004-Cus dated 10th September 2004 - HELD THAT:- The adjudicating authority appeared not have given credence to the revision accorded by Norms Committee; moreover, the adjudicating authority appeared to have misconstrued the purpose of section 12 of Customs Act, 1962, which has the sole reference to the First Schedule to Customs Tariff Act, 1975, and ‘scope for determining eligibility for exemption in a notification issued under section 25 of Customs Act, 1962 intended to operationalise a scheme in the Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) with objectives of its own by visiting the declared classification intended for ascertaining rate of duty. Supplanting of the one by recourse to unconnected jurisdiction of the other deprives the impugned order of legal validity. Compounding this glaring lacunae in an adjudication exercise, already compromised in the manner set out, are the developments since its culmination.
The amending of the licence by the competent authority and the issuing of ‘export obligation discharge certificate (EODC)’ by the licencing authority may have given the adjudicating authority cause for pause had these been available then.
In view of these several foundational lacunae, the adjudicatory process, found wanting as model of legality and propriety, warrants appropriate rectification. To enable that, the impugned order is set aside and the matter remanded to be heard afresh for disposal after affording opportunity to the notices to make oral and written submissions.
Appeal allowed by way of remand.
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2024 (4) TMI 638
Non-compliance with the remand order of the Tribunal in the earlier round of litigation - import of rough marble blocks - Revenue submitted that, notwithstanding grant of licence subsequent to import, the appellant was not entitled to clear the goods in the absence of licence at the time of import - HELD THAT:- The jurisdictional Commissioner of Customs was bent upon demonstrating statutory superiority over other agencies of the State as the final arbiter of national interest. This is evident from the refusal to await outcome of application pending before the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) and proceeding to penalise the import and importer. Even after the altered factual situation had been highlighted by the Tribunal in remand order and necessity of considering this as relevant to the outcome implicit in the remand order, the adjudicating authority remained obdurate. The authority has even gone to the extent of denigrating superior appellate authority by insisting on restoration of the order discarded by the Tribunal.
It is patent lack of refresher episodes in the course of upward mobility of officers that encourages megalomaniac disregard for horizontal and vertical components of governance. Such defiance of appellate directions suffices to invalidate the impugned order.
Quantitative restrictions, implemented through special licence regime, is the exclusive remit of the licencing authority. By its very nature, the date of issue of licence is not to material to quantitative restriction; its relevance to the impugned goods alone is. On that there has been no controverting either in the impugned order or in submissions of Learned Authorised Representative.
It has not been unknown for the Department of Revenue to issue ad hoc exemption, in exercise of empowerment under section 25 of Customs Act, 1962 and long after goods have been imported and cleared, to regularise such imports in public interest. Sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander too. The findings in the impugned order are not in consonance with the statutes as legislated and law as judicially determined. The exercise of authority by the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) is beyond the oversight afforded to officers of customs under Customs Act, 1962.
There are no reason for such illegality, as articulated in the impugned order, to survive - the impugned order is set aside - appeal allowed.
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2024 (4) TMI 637
Confiscation of imported goods - Black pepper - advance authorisation scheme - fulfilment of export obligation or not - reliability of statements - cross-examination of persons whose testimony is relied upon - HELD THAT:- Owing to non-adherence to section 138B of Customs Act, 1962, the findings of the lower authorities cannot be validated, that have relied upon statements to conclude that the appellants were aware of the diversion that M/s Bruno Exports were engaged in which has bearing on recourse to section 112 of Customs Act, 1962.
The findings of the lower authorities suffer from infirmities arising from having fastened condition while ordering redemption and from the statements relied upon not having crossed the bar of relevancy prescribed by section 138B of Customs Act, 1962 - the appeals cannot be taken to its logical conclusion in the absence of validity of the impugned order on both counts.
The impugned order is set aside - matter remanded back to the adjudicating authority for a fresh decision after permitting cross-examination of the witnesses sought for and to set right the terms of redemption - appeal allowed by way of remand.
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2024 (4) TMI 636
Valuation of imported goods - aluminium scrap - enhancement of value - Fulfilment of requirements of Section 14 of the Customs Act or not - scope of the Section 17 (5) of the Customs Act, 1962 - Primary dispute regarding the consent of the appellant - mandatory to pass an speaking order within prescribed period by the concerned authorities in case of any changes made to self-assessment made by the importer while filing the bill of entry - HELD THAT:- When there is a serious dispute as to whether the appellant had given consent in writing to the reassessed value or not, this issue has to be first decided by the Division Bench because it is only in such circumstances that the decision of the Tribunal in COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS DELHI VERSUS M/S HANUMAN PRASAD & SONS [2020 (12) TMI 1092 - CESTAT NEW DELHI] would apply.
The matter is, therefore, sent back to the Division Bench so that a decision on this core issue is taken because only then reliance can be placed by the revenue on the decision of the Tribunal in Hanuman Prasad.
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2024 (4) TMI 578
Jurisdiction - power to adjudicate SCN - Seeking direction to expeditiously adjudicate SCN u/s 124 of the Customs Act, 1962 - seeking provisional release of the seized goods u/s 110A of the Act - only argument raised by the petitioner is that the case of the petitioner is peculiar and as such an officer now below the rank of Commissioner of Customs should adjudicate the same.
HELD THAT:- The only factor to show peculiarity is that the petitioner was arrested at the Airport and the arrest was authorized by Commissioner of Customs. Further, it is contended that in the litigation that enured prior to the issuance of the Show Cause Notice, an affidavit was filed by Commissioner of Customs - there are no so-called facts as contended by the petitioner amount of any peculiar facts and circumstances warranting any transfer of jurisdiction.
Section 104 of the Act dealing with power of arrest, empowers Principal Commissioner of Customs or Commissioner of Customs, by a general or special order, to arrest any person whom he has reason to believe has committed an offence punishable under Section 132, 133, 135, 135A or Section 136 of the Act. Petitioner was alleged to have committed an offence under Section 132 and 135 and the arrest of the petitioner was done under the order of Commissioner of Customs.
Since the Commissioner of Customs was impleaded, in terms of the said Circular, it was the Commissioner of Customs, who was authorized to file an affidavit. Accordingly, mere fact that Commissioner of Customs has filed an affidavit would not denude an officer, otherwise empowered under the Act and the Rules and Notifications, to issue and adjudicate a Show Cause Notice even though the officer may be below the rank of the Commissioner of Customs - it is noticed that the case of the petitioner is far from peculiar/unique as there are several cases where arrests are made for infraction of the provisions under orders issued by Commissioner of Customs, which are challenged and proceedings initiated prior and post issuance of Show Cause Notices.
There are no peculiar facts and circumstances in the case of the petitioner to hold that an officer below the rank of Commissioner of Customs is denuded of the power or authority to adjudicate the Show Cause Notice - In the instant case subject Show Cause Notice issued on 31.03.2023 has been issued by a competent and authorized officer whose competence and authority is not under challenge by the petitioner.
There are no merit in the petition - The petition is consequently dismissed.
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2024 (4) TMI 577
Maintainability of petition - Chemical Examiner’s report is correct or not - Classification of imported goods - Technical Grade Urea - to be classified under tariff item 31021090 of the First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 or not - Petitioner seeks to command the respondents to forthwith complete all procedures and formalities and clear the goods imported by the Bill of Entry in Ext. P4 as Technical Grade Urea - HELD THAT:- Whether the petitioner’s product is Technical Grade Urea, or the Fertilizer Grade Urea is a question of fact which can be determined on the basis of the relevant parameters as determined by the Laboratory on examination of the samples drawn from the imported goods. This Court absolutely has no expertise to hold that the Chemical Examiner’s report is incorrect. This question has to be decided by the authorities themselves.
The writ petition is not maintainable and is dismissed.
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2024 (4) TMI 576
Seeking amendment of shipping bills - inadvertent error in the Shipping bills - seeking to credit ROSCTL benefit amounts to the petitioner’s Customs E-Scrip Ledger - HELD THAT:- The issue / question whether an inadvertent error in the Shipping bills by affixing ‘No’ instead of ‘Yes’ under the RoSCTL Scheme can be amended came up for consideration before the Madras High Court in PARAMOUNT TEXTILES MILLS PRIVATE LIMITED VERSUS THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL OF FOREIGN TRADE, THE DGFT POLICY RELAXATION COMMITTEE, THE ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS [2022 (4) TMI 1260 - MADRAS HIGH COURT] where the Madras High Court allowed the petition and granted the benefit of the RoSCTL Scheme in favour of the writ petitioner by permitting amendment of the Shipping bills.
In the instant case, the material on record discloses that except for the inadvertent error that had crept into the Shipping bills, wherein the petitioner had declared ‘N’ in the RoDTEP column instead of ‘Yes’, its intention to claim benefits under the RoSCTL Scheme is evident from the other material on record including the Shipping bills. Under these circumstances, in the light of the judgment of the Madras High Court in Paramount’s case, the petitioner would be entitled to amend the subject 28 Shipping bills and necessary directions are to be issued to the respondents in this regard by quashing the Communication at Annexure – N dated 24.11.2022 issued by the 1st respondent.
The concerned respondents are directed to permit / allow the petitioner to amend the 28 Shipping bills vide Annexure – H of the petitioner for the period from January 2021 to September 2021 and to grant the RoSCTL Scheme benefits to the petitioner and credit the said benefits to his Customs E-Scrip Ledger as expeditiously as possible - Petition allowed.
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2024 (4) TMI 575
Refund of Excess Customs Duty paid - principles of unjust enrichment - refund claimed transferred to consumer welfare fund alleging that the amount has been passed on to others and not borne by the appellant - HELD THAT:- The entire amount of duty and interest has been paid by the appellant after receiving certain amounts from M/s. Microsoft Corporation to meet the requirement of payment of duty. During the settlement proceedings, the Hon’ble Settlement Commission recorded the amount required to be paid and the amount deposited and also held that the excess amount, if any, be refunded to the assessee after adjusting the penalty amount. The authorities below transferred the refund amount to the Consumer Welfare Fund observing that the appellant has not borne the burden of the duty themselves but passed on to Microsoft Corporation; also the amount has not been shown as ‘receivable’ soon after payment of duty.
Reading the agreement in its entirety, it is found that after the proceedings were initiated against the appellant, they have received certain amounts from the overseas suppliers of M/s. Microsoft Corporation to meet the requirement of payment of duty and interest, who advanced certain amounts with a condition that the excess amount, if any, after adjusting the duty and interest be refunded to M/s. Microsoft Corporation. The appellant, thus, cannot retain the excess amount with them in accordance with the said agreement. Consequently, the refund amount cannot be retained by the Appellant but has to be repaid to M/s. Microsoft as per the said Agreement. Also, it is found that the appellant could not reflect the excess amount refundable in their books of accounts before the order of the Settlement Commission but could reflect only after the Settlement Commission has recorded a finding to this effect, quantifying the settlement amount.
There are no discrepancy of not showing the excess amount as receivables before the Settlement Commission’s order in their books of accounts which has been successively every year thereafter has been shown including for the financial year ending 31.3.2023.
The impugned order is set aside - appeal allowed.
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