GST: transportation of goods, the role of e-way bills, and the implications of their cancellation - Navigating Legal Complexities

2023 (10) TMI 218 - ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT

Introduction

This case, highlights critical aspects of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) framework in India, particularly regarding the transportation of goods, the role of e-way bills, and the implications of their cancellation. The case also delves into the nuances of intent in the context of tax evasion.

Background of the Case

The Petitioner, engaged in the manufacture and sale of industrial-grade steel components, faced legal challenges following the interception of their goods due to discrepancies related to an e-way bill. The primary issue revolved around the detention and penalty imposed on the petitioner under Section 129(3) of the Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) Act, despite the absence of an intention to evade tax.

Submissions by the Parties

• Petitioner’s Argument: The petitioner argued that the e-way bill accompanying the goods had been cancelled by the purchasing dealer without their knowledge. They contended that this was a minor breach and should have been dealt under Section 122(ix) of the CGST Act, which deals with penalties for minor breaches, rather than under Section 129(3) which is more severe.
• Respondent’s Argument: The State argued that at the time of interception, the e-way bill was cancelled, and no other valid e-way bill was accompanying the goods. This, according to the respondent, justified the proceedings under Section 129 of the CGST Act.

Discussion and Findings of the Court

The Allahabad High Court observed that for invoking proceedings under Section 129(3), read with Section 130 of the CGST Act, intent to evade tax is a mandatory consideration. The Court found that no such intent was observed in this case. It noted that the e-way bill’s cancellation was a minor breach and should have been addressed under Section 122, which deals with minor infractions and penalties thereof.

The court has stated that:

"10. For invoking the proceeding under section 129(3) of the CGST Act, section 130 of the CGST Act was required to be read together, where the intent to evade payment of tax is mandatory, but while issuing notice or while passing the order of detention, seizure or demand of penalty, tax, no such intent of the petitioner was observed. Once the dealer has intimated the attending and mediating circumstances under which e-way bill of the purchasing dealer was cancelled, it was a minor breach. The authority could have initiated proceedings under section 122 of the CGST Act instead of proceedings under section 129 of the CGST Act, Section 129 of the CGST Act must be read with section 130 of the said Act, which mandate the intention to evade payment of tax. Once the authorities have not observed that there was intent to evade payment of tax, proceedings under section 129 of the CGST Act ought not to have been initiated, but it could be done under section 122 of the CGST Act, in the facts & circumstances of the present case. It is also not in dispute that after release of the goods, the same were sold to P.L. Trading Company.

11. Section 129 of the CGST Act deals with detention, seizure and release of goods in case violation of the provisions of the CGST Act is found. Section 130 deals with confiscation of goods or conveyance and levy of penalty. Both the sections revolve around a similar issue and provide for the proceedings available at the hands of the proper Officer upon him having found the goods in violation of the provisions of the Act, Rule 138 of the Rules framed under the CGST Act being one of them. Upon a purposive reading of the sections, it would sufice to state that the legislation makes intent to evade tax a sine qua non for initiation of the proceedings under sections 129 and 130 of the CGST Act."

Final Conclusion

The Court concluded that the proceedings under Section 129 of the CGST Act were not appropriate in this scenario due to the lack of intent to evade tax. Consequently, the Court quashed the impugned orders, allowing the writ petition filed by Petitioner. 

Impact and Implications

This case underscores the importance of intent in cases of alleged tax evasion under the GST framework. It clarifies the legal distinction between minor breaches and acts with an intention to evade tax, thereby guiding businesses on compliance and authorities on the application of law. The decision serves as a precedent for similar cases, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of intent in tax-related disputes.

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2023 (10) TMI 218 - ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT