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Issues Involved:
1. Confirmation of Death Sentence 2. Absence of Direct Evidence and Motive 3. Consideration of Mitigating Factors and Psychic Disorder 4. Appropriateness of Death Penalty Confirmation of Death Sentence: This appeal is directed against the judgment dated March 22, 1995, by the Rajasthan High Court (Jodhpur Bench), which affirmed the death sentence passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Banswara, in Sessions Case No. 122/93 against the appellant. The High Court dismissed the appellant's appeal against the conviction u/s 302 IPC and the death sentence. Absence of Direct Evidence and Motive: Mr. Natarajan, appearing as amicus curiae for the appellant, argued that there is no direct evidence of the appellant murdering his wife and three minor children, as the only witness, the appellant's mother (PW 12), did not support the prosecution and was declared hostile. The prosecution relied on circumstantial evidence, but no motive was established for the murders. Mr. Natarajan contended that motive is significant in cases based on circumstantial evidence. Consideration of Mitigating Factors and Psychic Disorder: Mr. Natarajan argued that there was no evidence of why the appellant suddenly killed his family and neighbors, suggesting a possibility of a sudden psychic disorder. He cited the case of Dahyabhai Chhaganbhai Thakkar vs. State of Gujarat, emphasizing the burden on the prosecution to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt and the relevance of mens rea. He suggested that the appellant might have been suffering from a temporary psychic disorder, which should be considered as a mitigating factor in sentencing. Appropriateness of Death Penalty: Mr. Bhati, representing the State, refuted the contentions, asserting that the prosecution had established the appellant's guilt beyond reasonable doubt through reliable evidence. He argued that the motive, while important, is not always necessary when there is clear evidence of the crime. He cited several cases to support the argument that the absence of motive does not undermine the prosecution's case if the evidence is strong. The Court, after considering the evidence and arguments, concluded that the appellant committed the murders in a calculated manner. The Court found no evidence of a temporary psychic disorder and emphasized the brutality and cruelty of the crimes. The Court held that the nature and gravity of the crimes warranted the death penalty, stating that the punishment must reflect the atrocity and brutality of the crime to maintain public confidence in the justice system. The appeal was dismissed, and the death sentence was upheld. Conclusion: The Supreme Court upheld the death sentence, finding that the appellant committed the murders in a calculated manner without any provocation. The Court rejected the argument of temporary psychic disorder and emphasized the need for the punishment to reflect the brutality of the crimes to maintain public confidence in the justice system.
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