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Issues:
1. Right to interest on income tax refund. 2. Interpretation of sections 240 and 244(1) of the Income-tax Act. 3. Liability of the petitioner for payment of income tax. 4. Application of section 241 for withholding refund. 5. Entitlement to interest on refundable amounts. Analysis: The judgment pertains to two writ applications arising from an income tax matter concerning the petitioner's right to receive interest on the refundable amount. The Income-tax Officer initially refused registration for the assessment years 1963-64 and 1964-65, leading to appeals and a subsequent Tribunal order for reconsideration. Upon reassessment, the Income-tax Officer allowed registration and directed refunds without interest. The petitioner appealed for interest, which was rejected by the Appellate Assistant Commissioner and the Commissioner of Income-tax based on the premise that interest is only payable if the refund is due following an appellate order. The petitioner argued for interest payment under sections 240 and 244(1) of the Income-tax Act, emphasizing the automatic refund provision and interest entitlement if the refund is not granted within six months of the order. The standing counsel contended that since the liability remained pending due to the remand, no interest was payable. However, the court rejected this argument, highlighting that the liability arises only upon assessment and demand notice issuance, and in the absence of these, no tax liability exists. The court emphasized that under section 240, any refundable amount must be repaid without the assessee's claim, with section 241 allowing refund withholding in specific circumstances. Since section 241 was inapplicable, the Income-tax Officer had no grounds to withhold the refund. Referring to a precedent from the Allahabad High Court, the court concluded that interest was due on the refundable amounts from the date of the Tribunal's order until the refund date. In conclusion, the court directed the payment of interest to the petitioner on the refundable amounts from the expiry of six months post the Tribunal's order setting aside the assessment until the actual refund date. The judgment left the parties to bear their own costs, with both judges concurring on the decision.
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