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Development rebate entitlement at 25% for manufacturing unit involving hosiery production. Analysis: The judgment involves cross-appeals by the revenue and the assessee against the AAC's order for the assessment year 1974-75. The primary issue revolves around the development rebate claimed by the assessee at the rate of 25% under section 33 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, for installing new machinery worth Rs. 7,80,646. The ITO allowed the rebate at 15%, citing statutory provisions. The AAC also rejected the claim, stating the lack of verifiable evidence. The main contention was whether the assessee, engaged in manufacturing hosiery, was entitled to the rebate at 25%. The assessee argued that the composite nature of its manufacturing unit should qualify for the higher rate based on a specific interpretation of the Fifth Schedule. The revenue, however, contended that the 25% rebate was only applicable to textiles made wholly or mainly of cotton. The interpretation of 'hosiery' and its inclusion under the rebate scheme was the crux of the dispute. The Tribunal analyzed the legislative intent behind the relevant provisions. It scrutinized item 32 of the Fifth Schedule, which covers textiles made wholly or mainly of cotton, including cotton yarn, hosiery, and rope. The Tribunal interpreted the provision liberally, emphasizing the inclusive nature of the term 'hosiery' to encompass products made from various materials, not limited to cotton. The Tribunal compared this interpretation with item 33, highlighting the deliberate inclusion of 'jute' before twine and rope, which was absent in item 32. This comparison reinforced the Tribunal's view that the term 'hosiery' should not be restricted to cotton-based products but extended to woolen goods and man-made fibers. The Tribunal concluded that the composite unit of hosiery made from woollen goods should qualify for the 25% development rebate. Moreover, the Tribunal applied the principle that in the construction of a fiscal statute, if two reasonable views exist, the one favoring the taxpayer should be adopted. Even if doubts arose regarding the interpretation of item 32, the Tribunal favored the assessee based on this principle. Consequently, the Tribunal dismissed the revenue's appeal and partially allowed the assessee's appeal concerning the development rebate entitlement at 25% for the manufacturing unit involved in hosiery production.
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