2025 (5) TMI 1576 - AT - Income Tax

Undisclosed agency sales turnover - application of presumptive taxation provisions u/s 44AF v/s section 44AD - CIT(A) reduced the profit percentage to 5% instead of 8% applied by the AO as per provisions of sec.44AF - HELD THAT - It is an admitted position that the assessee had earned turnover from trading business from agency sales. When the assessee filed return (though belatedly) the agency sales turnover was not disclosed. AO by invoking the presumptive taxation u/s. 44AD of the Act made addition to the turnover from agency sales. The addition made by the AO was reduced by the CIT(A) by adopting the rate of 5% as prescribed under the provisions of sec.44AF of the Act. Assessee has not placed any material on record to controvert the findings of the CIT(A). The CIT(A) has reduced the addition. Since there was no material on record to interfere with the order of the CIT(A) we confirm the same as correct and in accordance with law. Appeal filed by the assessee is dismissed.

Summary

1. ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

The core legal question considered in this appeal is whether the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)] was justified in confirming the addition of Rs. 36,65,248 to the assessee's income on account of undisclosed agency sales turnover, and more specifically, whether the application of presumptive taxation provisions under section 44AF of the Income-tax Act, 1961 ("the Act") instead of section 44AD was appropriate in computing the income from such agency business.

2. ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

Issue: Applicability of presumptive taxation provisions under section 44AF versus section 44AD for undisclosed agency sales turnover

Relevant legal framework and precedents: The assessment was made under section 143(3) of the Act, with the Assessing Officer (AO) applying section 44AD to estimate profits at 8% on undisclosed agency sales turnover of Rs. 7,62,54,049. Section 44AD provides a presumptive taxation scheme for small businesses, allowing a fixed percentage (8%) of turnover as deemed profits, applicable when the assessee does not maintain books of accounts. Section 44AF, introduced as a special provision for retail traders not maintaining books of accounts, prescribes a presumptive profit rate of 5% on total turnover, subject to certain conditions including turnover limits and audit requirements.

The CIT(A) observed that section 44AD was incorrectly applied by the AO and that section 44AF was the correct provision applicable to the agency sales turnover, given the nature of the business and the non-maintenance of proper books. The CIT(A) relied on section 44AF(1), which states: "a sum equal to five per cent of the total turnover... shall be deemed to be the profits and gains of such business." The CIT(A) further noted that the assessee had submitted audited accounts under section 44AB, which contradicted the claim under section 44AD, as presumptive taxation is generally availed when no proper books are maintained.

Court's interpretation and reasoning: The Tribunal concurred with the CIT(A)'s reasoning that section 44AF was the applicable provision for computing profits on the undisclosed agency sales turnover. The Tribunal noted that the AO's application of section 44AD at 8% profit rate was incorrect because the turnover related to agency sales, a retail business, and the assessee did not maintain proper books of accounts for this portion of the business. The CIT(A) rightly reduced the profit rate to 5% as prescribed under section 44AF.

Key evidence and findings: The undisclosed agency sales turnover of Rs. 7,62,54,049 was not reported by the assessee in the return of income. The AO estimated profits at 8% under section 44AD and added Rs. 61,00,323 to the income. The CIT(A) reduced this addition by applying 5% profit rate under section 44AF, resulting in an addition of Rs. 38,12,703. The assessee did not furnish any evidence or material to dispute this computation before the Tribunal.

Application of law to facts: The Tribunal applied the statutory provisions of sections 44AD and 44AF, interpreting the latter as the correct provision for the agency sales business. The Tribunal noted that the assessee's submission of audited accounts under section 44AB negated the applicability of section 44AD, which is designed for cases where no proper books are maintained. Since the turnover exceeded the threshold for section 44AD and the nature of business was retail agency sales, section 44AF applied with a presumptive profit rate of 5%.

Treatment of competing arguments: The assessee did not appear or place any material before the Tribunal to challenge the CIT(A)'s order or the AO's findings. The Departmental Representative supported the CIT(A)'s order. The Tribunal, therefore, relied on the material on record and the statutory provisions to uphold the CIT(A)'s decision.

Conclusions: The Tribunal concluded that the CIT(A) was justified in confirming the addition to income by applying section 44AF at 5% profit rate on the undisclosed agency sales turnover. The Tribunal dismissed the appeal filed by the assessee for lack of evidence and on the basis of correct application of law.

3. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

"Section 44AD of the Act does not apply in the present case as the applicable section would be 44AF of the Act as the appellant is a trader in case no books of accounts are maintained."

"The submission of audited account u/s 44AB of the Act is a contradiction of opting for section 44AD of the Act... the appellant by furnishing audit report u/s 44AB has tried to mislead the AO for which he was not successful as the Id AO rejected the same."

"It would be fair and justified if the undisclosed trading sale of Rs. 7,62,54,049/- is computed as per provision of section 44AF of the Act taking 5% profit instead of applying section 44AD."

"Since there was no material on record to interfere with the order of the CIT(A), we confirm the same as correct and in accordance with law."

Core principles established include the correct application of presumptive taxation provisions under sections 44AD and 44AF based on the nature of business and maintenance of books of accounts, and that submission of audited accounts under section 44AB negates the applicability of presumptive taxation under section 44AD.

The final determination was that the addition to income on account of undisclosed agency sales turnover was rightly computed at 5% under section 44AF by the CIT(A), and the appeal by the assessee was dismissed accordingly.