2.0 Assumptions
2.1The business process proposed in this document is based on the following assumptions:
(1) A legal person without GST registration can neither collect GST from his customers nor claim any input tax credit of GST paid by him.
(2) There will be a threshold of Gross Annual Turnover including exports and exempted supplies (to be calculated on all-India basis1) below which any person engaged in supply of Goods or Services or both will not be required to take registration. Once a dealer crosses the required threshold or he starts a new business, registration application must be filed within 30 days from the date of the dealer‟s liability for obtaining such registration. Effective date of registration would be the date of application in all cases i.e. whether the application has been filed within prescribed time limit of 30 days or otherwise. The taxpayer would be eligible for ITC in respect of all his purchases from the date of application in case application for registration has been filed within 30 days. The taxpayer would, however, not be eligible for ITC in respect of his purchases prior to the date of registration in case the registration application is not filed within the prescribed time limit of 30 days, although Centre is of the view that such a provision may not stand the test of judicial scrutiny. On the other hand States, based on their experience under VAT, were of the view that having relevant provision in the GST law has helped them contest cases in courts. GST Law Drafting Committee to make provision relating to eligibility for ITC accordingly as well as for levying penalty in case of a dealer failing to register within the stipulated time period.
(3) However, such person with all-India gross annual turnover below the threshold turnover would be allowed to take registration, if he wants to. By taking such voluntary registration he can enter the credit chain even prior to crossing the threshold limit, provided he does not opt for the Compounding scheme (as defined below).
(4) There will be another relatively higher threshold of Gross Annual Turnover (to be calculated on all-India basis) to be called Compounding turnover up to which the registered person can opt to pay tax at a specified percentage of the turnover, without entering the credit chain. Such registered person will neither be allowed to collect tax from his customers nor claim any input tax credit. Compounding dealers shall remain under compounding scheme till their turnover crosses threshold or they opt for out of the scheme. Such dealers don‟t have to apply every year to remain under the compounding scheme. However, if the compounding dealer opts out of compounding in a financial year, for any reason, but eligible and wish to avail compounding in the next financial year, such dealer will have to apply afresh for compounding in the beginning of the financial year in which he wishes to claim compounding scheme.
(5) All other taxable persons will be required to take GST registration. Such persons will be able to take the credit of taxes paid on inputs / input services / capital goods and pass on the credit of GST to his customers / recipients of goods or services or both.
(6) The registered person eligible for the Compounding scheme but opting against the Compounding can pay regular taxes and file tax returns on monthly basis, and thereby make his supplies eligible for input tax credit in the hands of the purchasers/recipients.
(7) Irrespective of turnover, if a taxable person carries out any inter-state supply and / or is liable to pay GST under reverse charge, he will be compulsorily required to take registration. Such person shall neither be eligible for exemption threshold nor for Compounding scheme. However, an individual importing services for personal consumption will not be liable to pay GST under reverse charge or register under GST if the GST law so provides.
(8) All UN bodies seeking to claim refund of taxes paid by them would be required to obtain a unique identification number (ID) from the GST portal. The structure of the said ID would be uniform across the States in uniformity with GSTIN structure and the same will be common for the Centre and the States. The supplier supplying to these organizations is expected to mention the UID on the invoices and treat such supplies as B2B supplies and the invoices of the same will be uploaded by the supplier.
(9) A unique identification number (ID) would be given by the respective state tax authorities through GST portal to Government authorities / PSUs not making outwards supplies of GST goods (and thus not liable to obtain GST registration) but are making inter-state purchases. The structure of the said ID would be uniform across the States in uniformity with GSTIN structure. The supplier supplying to these organizations is expected to mention the UID on the invoices and treat such supplies as B2B supplies and the invoices of the same will be uploaded by the supplier.
(10) The concept of Input Service Distributor (ISD) presently being followed in Centre’s Law may continue if the GST Law so provides. They would be required to obtain GSTIN for distributing the credit of GST paid on services proposed to be used at multiple locations which are separately registered. This would be an exception/ deviation in case of services only. GST Law Drafting Committee to make appropriate provisions for the same.[While, at this stage it has been decided to make exception only for services, it is worth mentioning here that the Cenvat Credit Rules provide for a mechanism to allow distribution of inputs, which is basically a mechanism to distribute credit on inputs. Such mechanism is necessary for service provider as the location of payment of GST may be distinct from the location where goods are received. Therefore, drafting Committee may look into this issue.]
(11) All existing registered persons, whether with the Centre or State under any of the tax statues being subsumed in GST, would be allotted a GST registration number called Goods and Services Tax Identification Number (GSTIN) on voluntary basis. Dealers who are below the GST threshold will have option to remain in GST chain. GST Law Drafting Committee to make appropriate provision.
(12) Tax authorities, in case of enforcement cases, may grant suo-moto registration. If such person does not have PAN, the registration would be initially temporary and later converted into a PAN based registration. [GSTN to develop temporary registration numbering system]
2.2 For each State the taxable person will have to take a separate registration, even though the taxable person may be supplying goods or services or both from more than one State as a single legal entity.
2.3 Multiple registrations within one State to business verticals [as defined in Accounting Standard (AS) 17 issued by ICAI] of a taxable person may also be permitted, subject to all the verticals being on the same scheme of tax treatment if the GST Law so provides.
2.4 A supplier who is not registered on regular basis, whether on mandatory or voluntary basis, in other State (s) and desires to conduct business in a particular State for a limited period, will have to obtain registration in that State for that limited period. Such suppliers are known as casual dealers and shall not be allowed to opt for composition scheme. However, the supplier would be eligible to claim ITC on purchases / inward supplies. The period of registration would be mentioned in the registration certificate also. The format of Registration Certificate for such taxpayers is different from the regular taxpayers. Even the application form for registration will have field for ascertaining estimated supplies. Return for such taxpayers would also be different. Such taxpayers would be required to self-assess their likely liability and deposit the same as an Advance Tax. Such amount would be deposited by way of two Demand Drafts (one for Centre and other for State) which would be returned to the taxpayer after he has discharged his final liability. The GST Law Drafting Committee may provide for conditions for registration and tax payment.
2.5 A Non-resident Supplier is a person who, in the course of business, makes an intra-state supply of goods or services or both, but is not a resident in the state in which he has applied for registration, but is already registered in any other state. Since the Non-Resident Supplier is already registered in another State, there would be an easy way of registering such entities in the State in which registration is applied as Non-Resident Supplier. The provisions applicable on casual dealers (as detailed in para 2.4 above) may apply to them except that no security deposit or advance tax collection may be made in their case.
