TMI - Tax Management India. Com
Follow us:
  Facebook   Twitter   Linkedin   Telegram

Home Case Index All Cases Income Tax Income Tax + SC Income Tax - 2007 (1) TMI SC This

  • Login
  • Cases Cited
  • Referred In
  • Summary

Forgot password       New User/ Regiser

⇒ Register to get Live Demo



 

2007 (1) TMI 91 - SC - Income Tax


  1. 2022 (8) TMI 41 - SC
  2. 2020 (7) TMI 545 - SC
  3. 2017 (11) TMI 78 - SC
  4. 2012 (1) TMI 52 - SC
  5. 2010 (7) TMI 3 - SC
  6. 2007 (2) TMI 650 - SC
  7. 2025 (2) TMI 990 - HC
  8. 2025 (2) TMI 1177 - HC
  9. 2025 (1) TMI 880 - HC
  10. 2024 (9) TMI 1202 - HC
  11. 2024 (7) TMI 1340 - HC
  12. 2024 (7) TMI 225 - HC
  13. 2024 (6) TMI 277 - HC
  14. 2023 (10) TMI 404 - HC
  15. 2023 (6) TMI 773 - HC
  16. 2022 (7) TMI 336 - HC
  17. 2020 (10) TMI 941 - HC
  18. 2020 (1) TMI 974 - HC
  19. 2019 (12) TMI 1212 - HC
  20. 2017 (12) TMI 1653 - HC
  21. 2017 (9) TMI 748 - HC
  22. 2017 (6) TMI 876 - HC
  23. 2016 (11) TMI 1497 - HC
  24. 2016 (11) TMI 1496 - HC
  25. 2016 (6) TMI 137 - HC
  26. 2016 (5) TMI 697 - HC
  27. 2016 (5) TMI 373 - HC
  28. 2016 (2) TMI 47 - HC
  29. 2015 (5) TMI 873 - HC
  30. 2014 (4) TMI 975 - HC
  31. 2014 (2) TMI 442 - HC
  32. 2013 (11) TMI 1058 - HC
  33. 2013 (1) TMI 214 - HC
  34. 2012 (9) TMI 409 - HC
  35. 2012 (8) TMI 461 - HC
  36. 2012 (7) TMI 118 - HC
  37. 2011 (12) TMI 91 - HC
  38. 2011 (12) TMI 201 - HC
  39. 2014 (10) TMI 810 - HC
  40. 2011 (11) TMI 439 - HC
  41. 2011 (11) TMI 20 - HC
  42. 2011 (1) TMI 47 - HC
  43. 2010 (12) TMI 948 - HC
  44. 2010 (9) TMI 2 - HC
  45. 2010 (5) TMI 453 - HC
  46. 2010 (5) TMI 602 - HC
  47. 2009 (6) TMI 9 - HC
  48. 2009 (3) TMI 401 - HC
  49. 2009 (1) TMI 81 - HC
  50. 2008 (12) TMI 30 - HC
  51. 2008 (12) TMI 3 - HC
  52. 2008 (11) TMI 74 - HC
  53. 2007 (9) TMI 196 - HC
  54. 2007 (9) TMI 212 - HC
  55. 2025 (4) TMI 794 - AT
  56. 2025 (4) TMI 153 - AT
  57. 2025 (3) TMI 986 - AT
  58. 2025 (3) TMI 352 - AT
  59. 2025 (1) TMI 806 - AT
  60. 2024 (11) TMI 615 - AT
  61. 2024 (11) TMI 569 - AT
  62. 2024 (9) TMI 788 - AT
  63. 2024 (7) TMI 1329 - AT
  64. 2024 (6) TMI 264 - AT
  65. 2024 (4) TMI 1038 - AT
  66. 2024 (4) TMI 985 - AT
  67. 2024 (4) TMI 796 - AT
  68. 2024 (4) TMI 255 - AT
  69. 2024 (3) TMI 1369 - AT
  70. 2024 (3) TMI 307 - AT
  71. 2024 (3) TMI 609 - AT
  72. 2024 (6) TMI 43 - AT
  73. 2024 (2) TMI 964 - AT
  74. 2024 (2) TMI 197 - AT
  75. 2024 (1) TMI 309 - AT
  76. 2023 (12) TMI 1063 - AT
  77. 2024 (7) TMI 701 - AT
  78. 2023 (12) TMI 540 - AT
  79. 2023 (12) TMI 96 - AT
  80. 2024 (1) TMI 788 - AT
  81. 2023 (11) TMI 192 - AT
  82. 2023 (10) TMI 1015 - AT
  83. 2023 (11) TMI 1045 - AT
  84. 2023 (9) TMI 1453 - AT
  85. 2023 (8) TMI 1372 - AT
  86. 2023 (8) TMI 440 - AT
  87. 2023 (7) TMI 982 - AT
  88. 2023 (8) TMI 957 - AT
  89. 2023 (8) TMI 30 - AT
  90. 2023 (7) TMI 131 - AT
  91. 2023 (6) TMI 1446 - AT
  92. 2023 (6) TMI 1430 - AT
  93. 2023 (7) TMI 164 - AT
  94. 2023 (6) TMI 816 - AT
  95. 2023 (6) TMI 499 - AT
  96. 2023 (6) TMI 351 - AT
  97. 2023 (4) TMI 532 - AT
  98. 2023 (4) TMI 1260 - AT
  99. 2023 (7) TMI 220 - AT
  100. 2023 (3) TMI 1349 - AT
  101. 2023 (7) TMI 1137 - AT
  102. 2023 (3) TMI 557 - AT
  103. 2023 (3) TMI 319 - AT
  104. 2023 (2) TMI 1396 - AT
  105. 2023 (3) TMI 205 - AT
  106. 2023 (2) TMI 1013 - AT
  107. 2023 (1) TMI 1246 - AT
  108. 2023 (1) TMI 98 - AT
  109. 2022 (12) TMI 1081 - AT
  110. 2023 (1) TMI 952 - AT
  111. 2022 (10) TMI 905 - AT
  112. 2022 (10) TMI 404 - AT
  113. 2022 (9) TMI 355 - AT
  114. 2022 (8) TMI 1549 - AT
  115. 2022 (8) TMI 1533 - AT
  116. 2022 (9) TMI 1178 - AT
  117. 2022 (8) TMI 1412 - AT
  118. 2022 (8) TMI 1556 - AT
  119. 2022 (7) TMI 1375 - AT
  120. 2022 (6) TMI 228 - AT
  121. 2022 (7) TMI 839 - AT
  122. 2022 (4) TMI 1426 - AT
  123. 2022 (4) TMI 1489 - AT
  124. 2022 (4) TMI 91 - AT
  125. 2022 (3) TMI 1022 - AT
  126. 2021 (11) TMI 1137 - AT
  127. 2021 (11) TMI 927 - AT
  128. 2021 (12) TMI 585 - AT
  129. 2021 (11) TMI 585 - AT
  130. 2021 (10) TMI 383 - AT
  131. 2021 (11) TMI 523 - AT
  132. 2021 (10) TMI 210 - AT
  133. 2021 (9) TMI 1400 - AT
  134. 2021 (9) TMI 123 - AT
  135. 2021 (6) TMI 331 - AT
  136. 2021 (6) TMI 254 - AT
  137. 2021 (3) TMI 823 - AT
  138. 2021 (5) TMI 338 - AT
  139. 2021 (3) TMI 258 - AT
  140. 2021 (6) TMI 2 - AT
  141. 2020 (12) TMI 395 - AT
  142. 2020 (12) TMI 259 - AT
  143. 2020 (10) TMI 1205 - AT
  144. 2020 (10) TMI 653 - AT
  145. 2020 (9) TMI 31 - AT
  146. 2020 (8) TMI 13 - AT
  147. 2020 (6) TMI 827 - AT
  148. 2020 (6) TMI 52 - AT
  149. 2020 (3) TMI 633 - AT
  150. 2020 (2) TMI 1254 - AT
  151. 2020 (3) TMI 43 - AT
  152. 2020 (2) TMI 1053 - AT
  153. 2019 (12) TMI 1283 - AT
  154. 2019 (11) TMI 1833 - AT
  155. 2019 (10) TMI 1430 - AT
  156. 2019 (10) TMI 1543 - AT
  157. 2019 (10) TMI 1127 - AT
  158. 2019 (10) TMI 512 - AT
  159. 2019 (10) TMI 121 - AT
  160. 2019 (9) TMI 304 - AT
  161. 2019 (9) TMI 232 - AT
  162. 2019 (8) TMI 1030 - AT
  163. 2019 (11) TMI 689 - AT
  164. 2019 (7) TMI 527 - AT
  165. 2019 (6) TMI 1649 - AT
  166. 2019 (4) TMI 280 - AT
  167. 2019 (5) TMI 458 - AT
  168. 2019 (3) TMI 1595 - AT
  169. 2019 (1) TMI 1720 - AT
  170. 2019 (2) TMI 346 - AT
  171. 2018 (11) TMI 1644 - AT
  172. 2018 (10) TMI 582 - AT
  173. 2018 (9) TMI 2119 - AT
  174. 2018 (8) TMI 270 - AT
  175. 2018 (7) TMI 1808 - AT
  176. 2018 (11) TMI 315 - AT
  177. 2018 (8) TMI 52 - AT
  178. 2018 (10) TMI 485 - AT
  179. 2018 (6) TMI 497 - AT
  180. 2018 (5) TMI 1601 - AT
  181. 2018 (5) TMI 238 - AT
  182. 2018 (4) TMI 1566 - AT
  183. 2018 (4) TMI 1199 - AT
  184. 2018 (4) TMI 504 - AT
  185. 2018 (3) TMI 1301 - AT
  186. 2018 (4) TMI 38 - AT
  187. 2018 (3) TMI 1992 - AT
  188. 2018 (2) TMI 1346 - AT
  189. 2018 (4) TMI 81 - AT
  190. 2018 (1) TMI 852 - AT
  191. 2017 (11) TMI 709 - AT
  192. 2017 (11) TMI 2023 - AT
  193. 2017 (11) TMI 1498 - AT
  194. 2017 (10) TMI 55 - AT
  195. 2017 (9) TMI 1822 - AT
  196. 2017 (9) TMI 1999 - AT
  197. 2017 (9) TMI 1632 - AT
  198. 2017 (8) TMI 1429 - AT
  199. 2017 (8) TMI 282 - AT
  200. 2017 (7) TMI 1442 - AT
  201. 2017 (8) TMI 416 - AT
  202. 2017 (6) TMI 637 - AT
  203. 2017 (5) TMI 1749 - AT
  204. 2017 (8) TMI 737 - AT
  205. 2017 (4) TMI 1635 - AT
  206. 2017 (9) TMI 33 - AT
  207. 2017 (7) TMI 692 - AT
  208. 2017 (7) TMI 950 - AT
  209. 2017 (2) TMI 634 - AT
  210. 2017 (5) TMI 772 - AT
  211. 2017 (5) TMI 708 - AT
  212. 2017 (7) TMI 420 - AT
  213. 2017 (4) TMI 758 - AT
  214. 2017 (2) TMI 638 - AT
  215. 2016 (10) TMI 1053 - AT
  216. 2016 (10) TMI 1372 - AT
  217. 2016 (12) TMI 165 - AT
  218. 2016 (11) TMI 65 - AT
  219. 2016 (11) TMI 1358 - AT
  220. 2016 (11) TMI 202 - AT
  221. 2016 (11) TMI 1237 - AT
  222. 2016 (11) TMI 113 - AT
  223. 2016 (8) TMI 553 - AT
  224. 2016 (6) TMI 1441 - AT
  225. 2016 (6) TMI 1438 - AT
  226. 2016 (9) TMI 1141 - AT
  227. 2016 (7) TMI 953 - AT
  228. 2016 (6) TMI 728 - AT
  229. 2016 (7) TMI 947 - AT
  230. 2016 (5) TMI 73 - AT
  231. 2016 (6) TMI 37 - AT
  232. 2016 (4) TMI 413 - AT
  233. 2016 (4) TMI 590 - AT
  234. 2016 (4) TMI 953 - AT
  235. 2016 (3) TMI 680 - AT
  236. 2016 (3) TMI 501 - AT
  237. 2016 (2) TMI 848 - AT
  238. 2016 (2) TMI 983 - AT
  239. 2016 (2) TMI 705 - AT
  240. 2016 (3) TMI 812 - AT
  241. 2016 (2) TMI 229 - AT
  242. 2015 (12) TMI 1621 - AT
  243. 2015 (12) TMI 1806 - AT
  244. 2016 (7) TMI 104 - AT
  245. 2015 (11) TMI 1876 - AT
  246. 2015 (11) TMI 909 - AT
  247. 2015 (9) TMI 517 - AT
  248. 2015 (6) TMI 609 - AT
  249. 2015 (5) TMI 726 - AT
  250. 2015 (6) TMI 602 - AT
  251. 2015 (11) TMI 1191 - AT
  252. 2015 (5) TMI 73 - AT
  253. 2015 (4) TMI 55 - AT
  254. 2015 (2) TMI 899 - AT
  255. 2015 (1) TMI 469 - AT
  256. 2014 (11) TMI 442 - AT
  257. 2015 (1) TMI 353 - AT
  258. 2014 (8) TMI 741 - AT
  259. 2014 (8) TMI 837 - AT
  260. 2014 (8) TMI 312 - AT
  261. 2014 (7) TMI 1156 - AT
  262. 2014 (7) TMI 601 - AT
  263. 2014 (6) TMI 941 - AT
  264. 2014 (6) TMI 368 - AT
  265. 2014 (4) TMI 1094 - AT
  266. 2014 (4) TMI 160 - AT
  267. 2014 (5) TMI 48 - AT
  268. 2014 (9) TMI 262 - AT
  269. 2014 (3) TMI 368 - AT
  270. 2014 (2) TMI 653 - AT
  271. 2014 (10) TMI 735 - AT
  272. 2014 (1) TMI 1363 - AT
  273. 2013 (12) TMI 1024 - AT
  274. 2013 (11) TMI 966 - AT
  275. 2014 (4) TMI 68 - AT
  276. 2014 (2) TMI 674 - AT
  277. 2013 (6) TMI 333 - AT
  278. 2013 (6) TMI 544 - AT
  279. 2013 (5) TMI 491 - AT
  280. 2013 (6) TMI 185 - AT
  281. 2013 (2) TMI 923 - AT
  282. 2013 (11) TMI 1282 - AT
  283. 2013 (10) TMI 753 - AT
  284. 2013 (2) TMI 219 - AT
  285. 2013 (10) TMI 751 - AT
  286. 2013 (10) TMI 748 - AT
  287. 2012 (12) TMI 788 - AT
  288. 2012 (12) TMI 370 - AT
  289. 2012 (10) TMI 257 - AT
  290. 2012 (11) TMI 903 - AT
  291. 2012 (9) TMI 712 - AT
  292. 2012 (7) TMI 702 - AT
  293. 2012 (6) TMI 687 - AT
  294. 2012 (5) TMI 503 - AT
  295. 2012 (7) TMI 690 - AT
  296. 2012 (5) TMI 124 - AT
  297. 2013 (3) TMI 228 - AT
  298. 2012 (4) TMI 80 - AT
  299. 2012 (6) TMI 479 - AT
  300. 2012 (5) TMI 206 - AT
  301. 2012 (1) TMI 260 - AT
  302. 2011 (12) TMI 195 - AT
  303. 2011 (8) TMI 552 - AT
  304. 2011 (6) TMI 153 - AT
  305. 2011 (6) TMI 145 - AT
  306. 2011 (5) TMI 858 - AT
  307. 2011 (5) TMI 530 - AT
  308. 2012 (6) TMI 314 - AT
  309. 2011 (4) TMI 1212 - AT
  310. 2011 (3) TMI 1628 - AT
  311. 2011 (3) TMI 598 - AT
  312. 2011 (2) TMI 1414 - AT
  313. 2010 (12) TMI 1174 - AT
  314. 2010 (9) TMI 720 - AT
  315. 2010 (9) TMI 624 - AT
  316. 2010 (7) TMI 335 - AT
  317. 2010 (7) TMI 535 - AT
  318. 2010 (7) TMI 1077 - AT
  319. 2010 (7) TMI 803 - AT
  320. 2010 (6) TMI 795 - AT
  321. 2010 (5) TMI 523 - AT
  322. 2010 (5) TMI 675 - AT
  323. 2010 (4) TMI 690 - AT
  324. 2010 (3) TMI 869 - AT
  325. 2010 (3) TMI 1157 - AT
  326. 2009 (12) TMI 593 - AT
  327. 2009 (12) TMI 852 - AT
  328. 2009 (12) TMI 1023 - AT
  329. 2009 (12) TMI 586 - AT
  330. 2009 (11) TMI 670 - AT
  331. 2009 (10) TMI 69 - AT
  332. 2009 (8) TMI 853 - AT
  333. 2009 (8) TMI 973 - AT
  334. 2009 (8) TMI 845 - AT
  335. 2009 (7) TMI 171 - AT
  336. 2009 (6) TMI 675 - AT
  337. 2009 (6) TMI 118 - AT
  338. 2009 (3) TMI 133 - AT
  339. 2009 (1) TMI 533 - AT
  340. 2008 (11) TMI 431 - AT
  341. 2008 (9) TMI 622 - AT
  342. 2008 (8) TMI 396 - AT
  343. 2008 (8) TMI 406 - AT
  344. 2007 (11) TMI 330 - AT
  345. 2007 (11) TMI 329 - AT
  346. 2007 (9) TMI 462 - AT
  347. 2007 (7) TMI 440 - AT
  348. 2007 (6) TMI 1 - AT
  349. 2007 (5) TMI 288 - AT
  350. 2021 (4) TMI 981 - AAAR
  351. 2020 (4) TMI 667 - AAAR
  352. 2023 (5) TMI 964 - AAR
  353. 2023 (4) TMI 960 - AAR
  354. 2022 (1) TMI 903 - AAR
  355. 2022 (1) TMI 186 - AAR
  356. 2021 (2) TMI 992 - AAR
  357. 2021 (3) TMI 1041 - AAR
  358. 2021 (2) TMI 507 - AAR
  359. 2019 (11) TMI 1580 - AAR
  360. 2019 (12) TMI 534 - AAR
  361. 2019 (8) TMI 1643 - AAR
  362. 2019 (4) TMI 1623 - AAR
  363. 2018 (12) TMI 533 - AAR
  364. 2018 (1) TMI 946 - AAR
  365. 2016 (9) TMI 164 - AAR
  366. 2015 (10) TMI 954 - AAR
  367. 2013 (7) TMI 586 - AAR
  368. 2012 (6) TMI 186 - AAR
  369. 2012 (5) TMI 111 - AAR
  370. 2012 (8) TMI 88 - AAR
  371. 2012 (3) TMI 281 - AAR
  372. 2012 (2) TMI 260 - AAR
  373. 2012 (2) TMI 75 - AAR
  374. 2012 (2) TMI 74 - AAR
  375. 2011 (7) TMI 99 - AAR
  376. 2011 (7) TMI 98 - AAR
  377. 2011 (5) TMI 351 - AAR
  378. 2011 (2) TMI 119 - AAR
  379. 2010 (2) TMI 186 - AAR
  380. 2009 (10) TMI 40 - AAR
  381. 2009 (9) TMI 26 - AAR
  382. 2009 (8) TMI 6 - AAR
  383. 2009 (4) TMI 16 - AAR
  384. 2009 (3) TMI 41 - AAR
  385. 2009 (3) TMI 38 - AAR
  386. 2008 (10) TMI 15 - AAR
  387. 2023 (2) TMI 938 - Commissioner
1. ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

The core legal questions considered by the Court were:

(a) Whether the amounts received or receivable by the appellant, a non-resident foreign company, from Petronet LNG for offshore supply of equipment and materials are liable to tax in India under the Income Tax Act, 1961 and the India-Japan Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA).

(b) If such income is taxable, to what extent are the amounts reasonably attributable to operations carried out in India and thus taxable in India.

(c) Whether the amounts received or receivable for offshore services rendered by the appellant are chargeable to tax in India under the Act and/or the India-Japan DTAA.

(d) If offshore services income is taxable, what portion of such income is chargeable to tax in India and at what rate.

(e) Whether the appellant is entitled to claim deductions for expenses incurred in computing income from offshore services under the Act and/or the DTAA.

2. ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

Issue (a) and (b): Taxability of Offshore Supply Income

Relevant legal framework and precedents: The Court examined Sections 5(2) and 9(1)(i) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, which provide that income of a non-resident is taxable in India if it is received or deemed to be received in India or accrues or arises or is deemed to accrue or arise in India, including income accruing through or from a business connection in India. Explanation (a) to Section 9(1)(i) and Article 7 of the India-Japan DTAA were also considered, which restrict taxation to profits attributable to a permanent establishment in India. The Court reviewed precedents interpreting business connection and permanent establishment, as well as principles of territorial nexus and apportionment of income.

Court's interpretation and reasoning: The Court found that the contract was a turnkey project with distinct components for offshore supply, offshore services, onshore supply, onshore services, and construction/erection, each with separately specified prices and payment terms. The title to goods supplied offshore passed outside India on the high seas, and payments for offshore supply were made in US dollars. The Court emphasized that the contract components were severable and that the offshore supply was completed outside India.

The Court held that mere execution of the contract in India or existence of a permanent establishment in India does not render the entire income taxable in India. Taxation requires a territorial nexus between the income and India. The legal fiction under Section 9 must be interpreted in light of the object of the statute and international tax principles. The Court distinguished the concepts of business connection (relevant for Section 9) and permanent establishment (relevant under DTAA). It held that only income attributable to operations carried out in India can be taxed in India, and since the offshore supply was completed outside India, no income from such supply could be deemed to accrue or arise in India.

Key evidence and findings: The contract terms, including Clause 22.1 on passing of title, Clause 13.1 on contract price, and Exhibit D detailing prices for offshore supply, were critical. The contract explicitly separated offshore supply and services from onshore activities, with different currencies for payments. The appellant had a permanent establishment in India, but it was not involved in the offshore supply transactions.

Application of law to facts: Applying the territorial nexus doctrine and apportionment principles, the Court concluded that offshore supply income was not taxable in India as the supply and transfer of title occurred outside India. The permanent establishment in India was not involved in the offshore supply transactions; hence, profits from offshore supply were not attributable to the permanent establishment and not taxable in India under the DTAA.

Treatment of competing arguments: The Revenue argued the contract was composite and integrated, making the entire income taxable in India. The Court rejected this, noting the contract's explicit segregation of components and separate pricing. The appellant contended that offshore supply and services occurred outside India and payments were made abroad, negating tax liability. The Court agreed with the appellant on offshore supply.

Conclusion: Only such part of income as is attributable to operations carried out in India is taxable. Offshore supply income, completed outside India with title passing offshore, is not taxable in India.

Issue (c) and (d): Taxability of Offshore Services Income

Relevant legal framework and precedents: Section 9(1)(vii) of the Income Tax Act, which deals with fees for technical services, was examined along with Article 12 of the DTAA. Article 12 provides that royalties and fees for technical services may be taxed in the source state but limits tax to 20% of the gross amount. Article 12(5) excludes taxation if the beneficial owner carries on business through a permanent establishment and the income is effectively connected to that establishment, in which case Article 7 applies.

Court's interpretation and reasoning: The Court held that for offshore services income to be taxable in India, the services must be rendered in India and utilized in a business or profession carried on in India. Both conditions must be satisfied simultaneously. In this case, offshore services were rendered outside India and thus lacked sufficient territorial nexus to India for taxation. The permanent establishment in India was not involved in the offshore services, so Article 7 rather than Article 12 applied, limiting taxability to income attributable to the permanent establishment.

Key evidence and findings: The contract defined offshore services as design and engineering activities rendered outside India. The appellant received payments in US dollars for offshore services. No evidence was produced to show that offshore services were rendered or utilized in India.

Application of law to facts: The Court applied the plain language of Section 9(1)(vii)(c) and Article 12 of the DTAA, concluding that offshore services income was not taxable in India because the services were not rendered in India nor effectively connected to the permanent establishment.

Treatment of competing arguments: The Revenue argued that the entire technical fee was taxable in India at 20%. The appellant argued that offshore services were rendered outside India and not attributable to the permanent establishment. The Court accepted the appellant's contentions.

Conclusion: Offshore services income is not taxable in India as the services were rendered outside India and not effectively connected to the permanent establishment. Even if taxable, tax would be limited to 20% of gross fees under Article 12.

Issue (e): Deductibility of Expenses in Computing Offshore Services Income

Relevant legal framework and precedents: The Court considered the Income Tax Act provisions and the DTAA, particularly the treatment of fees for technical services and the limitation on deductions.

Court's interpretation and reasoning: The Court held that the appellant would not be entitled to claim any deductions in computing income from offshore services under the Act or the DTAA, consistent with the provisions limiting tax on gross receipts.

Conclusion: No deduction for expenses is allowable against offshore services income for tax computation purposes.

3. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

"Only such part of the income, as is attributable to the operations carried out in India can be taxed in India."

"Since all parts of the transaction in question, i.e. the transfer of property in goods as well as the payment, were carried on outside the Indian soil, the transaction could not have been taxed in India."

"There exists a distinction between a business connection and a permanent establishment. The permanent establishment cannot be said to be involved in the transaction, and therefore the provisions relating to permanent establishment will have no application."

"For a non-resident to be taxed on income for services, such a service needs to be rendered within India, and has to be a part of a business or profession carried on by such person in India."

"Section 9(1)(vii)(c) clearly states that the fees are taxable only where the services are both rendered and utilized in India. Both conditions must be satisfied simultaneously."

"The entire services have been rendered outside India, and have nothing to do with the permanent establishment, and can thus not be attributable to the permanent establishment and therefore not taxable in India."

"The principle of apportionment, wherein the territorial jurisdiction of a particular state determines its capacity to tax an event, has to be followed."

"The existence of a permanent establishment would not constitute sufficient 'business connection', and the permanent establishment would be the taxable entity. The fiscal jurisdiction of a country would not extend to taxing entire income attributable to the permanent establishment."

"The distinction between the existence of a business connection and the income accruing or arising out of such business connection is clear and explicit."

"Section 9 incorporated various heads of income on which tax is sought to be levied by the Republic of India. Whatever is payable by a resident to a non-resident by way of fees for technical services, thus, would not always come within the purview of Section 9(1)(vii) of the Act. It must have sufficient territorial nexus with India so as to furnish a basis for imposition of tax."

The Court finally allowed the appeal in part, holding that offshore supply income was not taxable in India, and offshore services income was taxable only to the extent connected with operations in India, which in this case was nil.

 

 

 

 

Quick Updates:Latest Updates