9911796707
TMI BlogExport of Finished Leather- Revised Leather NormsX X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... in column 2 of the table hereunder shall constitute "Finished Leather" and the same may be exported without a license but subject to the terms and conditions specified against each item in column 3 of the table hereunder." Sl. No Description of item Manufacturing Norms Conditions I Leathers with finishing coat (All substrates - Goat and Sheep skins and Bovine hides/sides calf skins including splits) a. Tanning b. Dyeing (optional) c. Fatliquoring d. Finishing coat II Suede Leathers (All substrates including splits) a. Tanning b. Dyeing in light/pastel/medium/dark shades (in case of doubt, the presence of dye to be ascertained by chromatographic technique) c. Fatliquoring d. Buffing to produce suede nap e. Shaving/snuffing ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... b. Dyeing in light/pastel/medium/dark shades(in case of doubt, the presence of dye to be ascertained by chromatographic technique) c. Fatliquoring d. Wax coat (or) Oil coat e. Pull up effect (Minimum CIE ∆L value of +5.0 as measured on a reflectance spectrophotometer) Heavy substance with thickness of 3.0 mm or more and with minimum of apparent density 0.9 gm/cc) VIII Heavy Leathers including sole leather, harness and belting leathers (Bovine hides/sides including butts and bends) a. Vegetable Tanning b. Oiling/stuffing c. Rolling / Plating IX Hair/wool on leathers (All substrates including rabbit skins) a. Tanning b. Dyeing(optional) c. Fatliquoring d. Wool/hair combing X Laminated Leathers (All substrates includin ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... o 4: 1: 5, using a separating funnel is taken as the eluting solvent for TLC analysis. Dye is extracted from the leather using dichloromethane and methanol (1: 1) mixture. The cut pieces of leathers are heated in a water bath with the solvent mixture for few minutes. The extracted dye is kept as a spot on the TLC paper and the strip is kept in the eluting solvent such that the dye spot lies above the solvent level. The presence of the dye is confirmed by its movement to a considerable distance and from the formation of a dye curve or peak on the TLC paper. Fatliquoring - Treating the leather with oil and/or fat, emulsified in water for rendering the leather soft Finishing Coat - Finishing coat shall contain a film forming material/ bin ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... eel or a buffing machine Shaving - A mechanical operation of reducing the substance of leather to uniform thickness by scrapping off layers from flesh or grain side Snuffing - The process of buffing the grain side of leather usually done by buffing machine, with visible evidence of removal of grain Oiling - The operation of rubbing oil on the grain side of wet or sammed leather with the object of making the leather soft and pliable; in the case of vegetable tanned leather also to protect the color of tannage from darkening by oxidation. Wax coat - Wax particulate matter should be seen under Microscope (100x) after the application of xylene on the grain surface. Note 3:-Microscopic examination of wax coat: A small drop of xylene is pl ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X
|
