TMI BlogSection 90 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 - Double Taxation Agreement - Agreement for Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Foreign Countries - Tanzania.X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... of April, 2012. Agreement between the government of the Republic of India and the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to taxes on income The Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania, desiring to conclude an Agreement for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income and with a view to promoting economic cooperation between the two countries, have agreed as follows: Article 1 : PERSONS COVERED - This Agreement shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the Contracting States. Article 2 : TAXES COVERED - 1. This Agreement shall apply to taxes on income imposed on behalf of a Contracting State or of its political subdivisions or local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied. 2. There shall be regarded as taxes on income all taxes imposed on total income, or on elements of income, including taxes on gains from the alienation of movable or immovable property and taxes on the total amounts of wages or salaries paid by e ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... enterprise carried on by a resident of a Contracting State and an enterprise carried on by a resident of the other Contracting State; ( h ) the term international traffic means any transport by a ship or aircraft operated by an enterprise of a Contracting State, except when the ship or aircraft is operated solely between places in the other Contracting State; ( i ) the term tax means Indian or Tanzanian tax, as the context requires, but shall not include any amount which is payable in respect of any default or omission in relation to the taxes to which this Agreement applies or which represents a penalty or fine imposed relating to those taxes; ( j ) the term competent authority means: ( i ) in India: the Finance Minister, Government of India, or his authorised representative; ( ii ) in Tanzania: the Minister for Finance and Economic Affairs, Government of the United Republic of Tanzania or his authorised representative; ( k ) the term national means: ( i ) any individual possessing the nationality of a Contracting State; ( ii ) any legal person, partnership or association deriving its status as such from the laws in force in a Contracting ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... ting States, then it shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State in which its place of effective management is situated. Where both the Contracting States claim the effective management of such a person, then the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall settle the question by mutual agreement. Article 5 : PERMANENT ESTABLISHMENT - 1. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term permanent establishment means a fixed place of business through which the business of an enterprise is wholly or partly carried on. 2. The term permanent establishment includes especially: ( a ) a place of management; ( b ) a branch; ( c ) an office; ( d ) a factory; ( e ) a workshop; ( f ) a sales outlet; ( g ) a warehouse in relation to a person providing storage facilities for others; ( h ) a farm, plantation or other place where agricultural, forestry, plantation or related activities are carried on; and ( i ) a mine, an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural resources. 3. The term permanent establishment likewise includes: ( a ) A building site or construction, installation or assembly pro ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... manent establishment under the provisions of that paragraph, or ( b ) has no such authority, but habitually maintains in the first-mentioned State a stock of goods or merchandise from which he regularly delivers goods or merchandise on behalf of the enterprise; ( c ) habitually secures orders in the first-mentioned State, wholly or almost wholly for the enterprise itself. 6. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, an insurance enterprise of a Contracting State shall, except in regard to re-insurance, be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the other Contracting State, if it collects premiums in the territory of that other State or insures risks situated therein through a person other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 7 applies. 7. An enterprise shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in a Contracting State merely because it carries on business in that State through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, provided that such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business. However, when the activities of such an agent are devoted wholly or almost wholly ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... tablishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment. 3. In determining the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment, including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the State in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere, in accordance with the provisions of and subject to the limitations of the tax laws of that State. However, no such deduction shall be allowed in respect of amounts, if any, paid (otherwise than towards reimbursement of actual expenses) by the permanent establishment to the head office of the enterprise or any of its other offices, by way of royalties, fees or other similar payments in return for the use of patents, know-how or other rights, or by way of commission or other charges for specific services performed or for management, or, except in the case of banking enterprises, by w ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... t of such tax. 3. Profits derived by a transportation enterprise which is a resident of a Contracting State from the use, maintenance, or rental of containers (including trailers and other equipment for the transport of containers) used for the transport of goods or merchandise in international traffic which is supplementary or incidental to its international operations of ships or aircraft shall be taxable only in that Contracting State unless the containers are used solely within the other contracting State. 4. For the purposes of this Article interest on investments directly connected with the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be regarded as profits derived from the operation of such ships or aircraft if they are integral to the carrying on of such business, and the provisions of Article 11 shall not apply in relation to such interest. 5. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall also apply to profits from the participation in a pool, a joint business or an international operating agency. Article 9 : ASSOCIATED ENTERPRISES - 1. Where: ( a ) an enterprise of a Contracting State participates directly or indirectly in the management ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... ts, not being debt-claims, participating in profits, as well as income from other corporate rights which is subjected to the same taxation treatment as income from shares by the laws of the State of which the company making the distribution is a resident. 4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 5. Where a company which is a resident of a Contracting State derives profits or income from the other Contracting State, that other State may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company, except insofar as such dividends are paid to a , resident of that other State or insofar as the holding in respect ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... aid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 6. Interest shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the interest, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment or a fixed base in connection with which the indebtedness on which the interest is paid was incurred, and such interest is borne by such permanent establishment or fixed base, then such interest shall be deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated. 7. Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest, having regard to the debt claim for which it is paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the paym ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... ates, the royalties shall be deemed to arise in that Contracting State. 6. Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Agreement. Article 13 : CAPITAL GAINS - 1. Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of immovable property referred to in Article 6 and situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State. 2. Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or of movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... SONAL SERVICES - 1. Subject to the provisions of Articles 16, 18, 19, 20 and 21, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting State. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other State. 2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned State if: ( a ) the recipient is present in the other State for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in any 12 months period commencing or ending in the year of income concerned, and ( b ) the remuneration is paid by, or on behalf of, an employer who is not a resident of the other State, and ( c ) the remuneration is not borne by a permanent establishment or a fixed base which the employer has in the other State. 3. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration derived in respect of an ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... ices are rendered in that State and the individual is a resident of that State who: ( i ) is a national of that State; or ( ii ) did not become a resident of that State solely for the purpose of rendering the services. 2. ( a ) Any pension paid by, or out of funds created by, a Contracting State or a political sub-division or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or sub-division or authority shall be taxable only in that State. ( b ) However, such pension shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the individual is a resident of, and a national of, that State. 3. The provisions of Articles 15, 16, 17, and 18 shall apply to salaries, wages and other similar remuneration and to pensions in respect of services rendered in connection with a business carried on by a Contracting State or a political sub-division or a local authority thereof. Article 20 : PROFESSORS, TEACHERS AND RESEARCH SCHOLARS - 1. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 14, a professor, teacher or research scholar who is or was a resident of the Contracting State immediately before visiting the other Contracting State for ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... s on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the income is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, if a resident of a Contracting State derives income from sources within the other Contracting State in form of lotteries, crossword puzzles, races including horse races, card games and other games of any sort or gambling or betting of any nature whatsoever, such income may be taxed in the other Contracting State. Article 23 : METHODS FOR ELIMINATION OF DOUBLE TAXATION - 1. The laws in force in either of the Contracting States will continue to govern the taxation of income in the respective Contracting States except where provisions to the contrary are made in this Agreement. 2. When income is subject to tax in both Contracting States, relief from double taxation shall be given as follows: ( a ) ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... g State to grant to residents of the other Contracting State any personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents. This prevision shall not be construed as preventing a Contracting State from charging the profits of a permanent establishment which a company of the other Contracting State has in the first mentioned State at a rate of tax which is higher than that imposed on the profits of a' similar company of the first mentioned Contracting State, nor as being in conflict with the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 7. 3. Except where the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 9, paragraph 7 of Article 11, or paragraph 6 of Article 12 apply, interest, royalties and other disbursements paid by an enterprise of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable profits of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been paid to a resident of the first-mentioned State. 4. Enterprises of a Contracting State, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directl ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... ities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information (including documents or certified copies of the documents) as is necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Agreement or of the domestic laws concerning taxes covered by this Agreement. The exchange of information is not restricted by Article 1. 2. Any information received by a Contracting State shall be treated as secret in the same manner as information obtained under the domestic laws of that State and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) concerned with the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, or the determination of appeals in relation to the taxes referred to in paragraph 1, or to the oversight of the above. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes. They may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions. 3. In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 1 and 2 be construed so as to impose on a Contracting State the obligation: ( a ) to carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws and administrative practice of that or ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... venue claim shall, at the request of the competent authority of that State, be accepted for purposes of collection by the competent authority of the other Contracting State. That revenue claim shall be collected by that other State in accordance with the provisions of its laws applicable to the enforcement and collection of its own taxes as if the revenue claim were a revenue claim of that other State. 4. When a revenue claim of a Contracting State is a claim in respect of which that State may, under its law, take measures of conservancy with a view to ensure its collection, that revenue claim shall, at the request of the competent authority of that State, be accepted for purposes of taking measures of conservancy by the competent authority of the other Contracting State. That other State shall take measures of conservancy in respect of that revenue claim in accordance with the provisions of its laws as if the revenue claim were a revenue claim of that other State even if, at the time when such measures are applied, the revenue claim is not enforceable in the first-mentioned State or is owed by a person who has a right to prevent its collection. 5. Notwithstanding the pro ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... inistrative practice; ( d ) to provide assistance in those cases where the administrative burden for that State is clearly disproportionate to the benefit to be derived by the other Contracting State. Article 28 : LIMITATION OF BENEFITS - 1. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, a person (other than an individual), which is a resident of a Contracting State and which derives income from the other Contracting State shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Agreement otherwise accorded to residents of a Contracting State only if such a person has the qualifications as defined in paragraph 2 and meets the other conditions of this Agreement for the obtaining of any of such benefits. 2. A person of a contracting state is a qualified person for a year of income only if such a person is either: ( a ) Governmental entity; or ( b ) A company incorporated in either of the Contracting States, if - ( i ) the principal class of its shares is listed on a recognized stock exchange as defined in paragraph 5 of this Article and is regularly traded on one or more recognised stock exchanges, or ( ii ) at least 50 per cent of the aggregate vote or value o ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X ..... ent for the obtaining of such benefits. 4. A resident of a Contracting State shall nevertheless be granted the benefits of the Agreement if the Competent Authority of the other Contracting State determines that the establishment or acquisition or maintenance of such person and the conduct of its operations did not have as one of its principal purposes the obtaining of benefits under the Agreement. 5. For the purposes of this Article the term 'recognised stock exchange' means: ( a ) in India, a stock exchange which is for the time being recognised by the Central Government under Section 4 of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956; ( b ) in Tanzania, the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange or any other exchange recognised by the Capital Markets and Securities Authority under the Capital Markets and Securities Authority Act, Cap. 79; and ( c ) any other stock exchange which the Competent Authorities agree to recognise for the purposes of this Article. 6. Notwithstanding anything contained in paragraphs 2 to 5 above, any person shall not be entitled to the benefits of this Agreement, if its affairs were arranged in such a manner as if it was the m ..... X X X X Extracts X X X X X X X X Extracts X X X X
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