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Appeal against levy of interest under section 201(1A) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 for not deducting tax from interest claimed as expenditure and credited to 'interest payable account'. Interpretation of section 194A regarding tax deduction obligation when interest is credited to an account. Validity and applicability of Circular No. 288 dated 22-12-1980 issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes. Interpretation of the Explanation to section 194A added with effect from 1-6-1987 regarding deemed credit of interest to payee's account. Impact of judicial precedent on similar matters. Analysis: The case involved an appeal by the assessee against the levy of interest under section 201(1A) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 for not deducting tax from interest credited to an 'interest payable account'. The assessing officer relied on Circular No. 288 dated 22-12-1980 issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes to justify the levy of interest. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) also upheld this decision, stating that the interest should have been credited to the accounts of the creditors directly, not to the 'interest payable account'. The assessee argued that under section 194A, tax deduction obligation arises only when the interest amount is credited to the creditor's account or paid directly to them. The assessee referenced a previous Tribunal judgment supporting the view that crediting interest to an 'interest payable account' does not trigger tax deduction obligations. The departmental representative, however, relied on the Explanation to section 194A added from 1-6-1987, deeming the crediting of interest to any account as a credit to the payee's account, thus imposing tax deduction obligations. In a similar case previously adjudicated, the Tribunal observed that under section 194A, tax deduction is required when interest is credited to the creditor's account or paid directly, not when credited to an 'interest payable account'. The Tribunal highlighted that the Explanation added in 1987 aimed to clarify and expand the scope of tax deduction obligations but should not have retrospective effect. The Tribunal emphasized that the Circular issued by the Board could not alter the statutory requirements and should not impose a higher burden on taxpayers than specified in the law. Ultimately, the Tribunal allowed the assessee's appeal, canceling the levy of interest under section 201(1A). The decision was based on the interpretation of section 194A, the limited retrospective effect of the Explanation added in 1987, and the inability of the Circular to modify statutory obligations.
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