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Issues:
1. Whether interest paid on overdrafts taken by the assessee is allowable as a deduction under section 12(2) of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 for the assessment years 1959-60 and 1960-61? Analysis: The case involved an application by the Revenue under section 66(2) of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922, where the Tribunal referred questions of law for the opinion of the High Court. The main issue revolved around the deductibility of interest paid on overdrafts by the assessee under section 12(2) of the Act for the assessment years 1959-60 and 1960-61. During the assessment, the Income-tax Officer disallowed part of the claim for deduction as the main reason for the overdraft was the short of funds for tax payments by the assessee. On appeal, the Appellate Assistant Commissioner allowed the deduction as the assessee had a convertible surplus after meeting tax liabilities from dividend income. However, the Revenue appealed further to the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal. The Tribunal found that the overdrafts were not liquidated despite the net receipts of the assessee from all sources and were utilized to meet tax liabilities. The Tribunal concluded that the overdrafts were taken to preserve existing investments, making the interest paid deductible under section 12(2) of the Act, citing the decision in Eastern Investments Ltd. v. CIT [1951] 20 ITR 1. The High Court considered previous judgments like Mannalal Ratanlal v. CIT [1965] 58 ITR 84 (Cal), Waldies Ltd. v. CIT [1977] 110 ITR 577 (Cal), and M. M. Thapar v. CIT [1978] 114 ITR 331 (Cal), which held that interest paid on borrowings for income tax payment was not deductible. Specifically, in M. M. Thapar [1978] 114 ITR 331 (Cal), it was held that interest on borrowings for tax payment was not allowable as a deduction. The High Court distinguished the case at hand from Eastern Investments Co. Ltd. [1951] 20 ITR 1 (SC) where interest on debentures was allowed as a deduction. Following the precedent set by the previous judgments, the High Court ruled against the assessee, denying the deduction for interest paid on the overdrafts. The High Court answered the questions referred in the negative and in favor of the Revenue, with no order as to costs. Both judges, Mrs. Monjula Bose and Dipak Kumar Sen, concurred with the decision.
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