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Issues:
1. Interpretation of provisions of section 64 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 in the context of income earned by an individual in the year of their death. 2. Applicability of section 159 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 in relation to section 64 and its impact on income accrual. 3. Determination of whether income accrued to the husband of the assessee. 4. Competency of the Income-tax Officer to include the income of the assessee's husband in the hands of the assessee. Analysis: The case involved a partnership named M/s. Sylvester and Company comprising the assessee, her deceased husband, and her son. The partnership had been in operation since 1947, with the share distribution among partners specified in a partnership deed. Following the husband's death in 1963, questions arose regarding the treatment of income earned by the deceased partner. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) had historically added the income received by the assessee from the partnership to her husband's income. However, in the assessment year 1964-65, the ITO included the deceased husband's income in the assessee's assessment, departing from past practice. The matter was appealed, and the Appellate Authority Commission (AAC) sided with the assessee, highlighting that the relationship of husband and wife must exist at the time income accrues for section 64(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 to apply. The Tribunal, in further appeal, favored the assessee on various grounds, leading to the reference of four questions to the High Court. The High Court focused on the ITO's competency to include the deceased husband's income in the assessee's assessment. The Tribunal, in its order, emphasized the necessity for the ITO to have valid grounds and not merely subjective satisfaction to reverse the income inclusion process. The absence of substantial reasons or material to justify the reversal led the Tribunal to rule against the revenue, stating the ITO was not competent to include the deceased husband's income in the assessee's assessment. Consequently, the High Court answered question No. 4 in the negative, in favor of the assessee, affirming the Tribunal's decision on the ITO's competency. Given this resolution, questions 1 to 3 became unnecessary to address. The parties were directed to bear their own costs in the reference, concluding the judgment. This judgment elucidates the critical evaluation of the Income-tax Act's provisions, specifically regarding income attribution in the context of a partnership and the implications of a partner's death on income assessment. The High Court's meticulous analysis underscores the importance of valid grounds for income inclusion decisions by tax authorities, ensuring procedural fairness and adherence to legal requirements in income tax assessments.
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