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Issues Involved:
The judgment involves issues related to the validity of reassessments u/s 147(a) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 and the allowability of certain sums as deductions in the assessment years 1957-58 to 1960-61. Validity of Reassessments u/s 147(a): The assessee, a public limited company, was assessed on different incomes for the years 1957-58 to 1960-61. Subsequently, it was discovered that an employee had embezzled amounts using forged cheques, leading to inflated purchase accounts. The Income-tax Officer reopened the assessments under sections 147(a) and 148 of the Act. The assessee contended that the embezzled amounts should be allowed as a loss against its income. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner found that the assessee had no prior knowledge of the misappropriation, and the action taken by the Income-tax Officer was justified. The Tribunal upheld the reopening of assessments under section 147(a), stating it was a case of failure to disclose all material facts. The Tribunal's decision was based on the interpretation of the duty to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment. Allowability of Sums as Deductions: The Tribunal relied on the decision in Associated Banking Corporation of India Ltd. v. CIT [1965] 56 ITR 1, which stated that as long as there is a reasonable prospect of recovering embezzled amounts, loss cannot be allowed in the relevant year. Since the assessee had a chance of recovering the embezzled amounts from a nationalized bank, the Tribunal concluded that the loss could not be allowed in that year. The Tribunal's decision was based on the reasonable prospect of recovery of the embezzled amount by the assessee. This judgment clarifies the interpretation of section 147(a) of the Income-tax Act, emphasizing the duty of the assessee to disclose fully and truly all material facts necessary for assessment. Additionally, it highlights the criteria for allowing losses in cases of embezzlement, based on the reasonable prospect of recovery.
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