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Issues Involved:
1. Legality of proceedings under Section 132 of the Income-tax Act. 2. Grounds for the Commissioner's belief regarding undisclosed income. 3. Adherence to principles of natural justice in the proceedings. 4. Validity of the Income-tax Officer's order under Section 132(5). Detailed Analysis: 1. Legality of Proceedings under Section 132 of the Income-tax Act: The petitioners contended that the proceedings initiated under Section 132 were illegal. They argued that the powers under this section could be invoked only when the person against whom the warrant is issued is in actual or physical possession of the assets. The court examined the relevant provisions of the Act and Rules, including Sections 132, 132A, and Rules 112, 112A, 112B, and 112C. The court held that the Commissioner could issue a warrant if he had reason to believe that the money or other assets represented undisclosed income of a particular individual, regardless of who was in physical possession. The court disagreed with the reasoning in Motilal v. Preventive Intelligence Officer, Central Excise and Customs, Agra, and similar cases, stating that the power under Section 132 could be invoked even if the assets were in the custody of another government department. 2. Grounds for the Commissioner's Belief Regarding Undisclosed Income: The petitioners argued that there were no grounds for the Commissioner to believe that the sum of Rs. 2,38,000 was the undisclosed income of the second petitioner. The court noted that the Commissioner had information about the large sum found in the possession of the second petitioner, who was not an income-tax assessee and had no known source for such income. The court emphasized that the belief must be based on rational connection or relevant bearing to the formation of the belief and should be entertained in good faith. The court found that the Commissioner's belief was justified and not based on extraneous or irrelevant considerations. 3. Adherence to Principles of Natural Justice in the Proceedings: The petitioners contended that the Income-tax Officer ignored available materials and relied on statements obtained behind their back, violating principles of natural justice. The court examined the procedure followed by the Income-tax Officer, including the recording of statements and the opportunity given to the petitioners to explain contradictions. The court found that the Income-tax Officer had given adequate opportunity to the petitioners to present their case and that the reliance on the statement recorded by the central excise authorities was justified. The court also noted that the petitioners did not produce any evidence to prove that the statement was obtained under duress. 4. Validity of the Income-tax Officer's Order under Section 132(5): The petitioners challenged the order of the Income-tax Officer, Trichy, on various grounds, including the reliance on statements and the scrutiny of account books. The court found that the Income-tax Officer had relied on the statements and account books provided by the petitioners themselves. The court emphasized that the enquiry under Section 132(5) is of a summary nature and the impugned order is not final. The court also noted that the petitioners had an effective alternative remedy by way of appeal to the Central Board of Direct Taxes under Section 132(11), which was still pending. The court declined to interfere under Article 226 of the Constitution, citing the existence of an alternative remedy and the potential prejudice to the revenue department. Conclusion: The writ petition was dismissed, and the court upheld the legality of the proceedings under Section 132 of the Income-tax Act, the grounds for the Commissioner's belief regarding undisclosed income, the adherence to principles of natural justice in the proceedings, and the validity of the Income-tax Officer's order under Section 132(5). The petitioners were directed to pursue their appeal before the Central Board of Direct Taxes. The court imposed costs of Rs. 250 on the petitioners.
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