2025 (5) TMI 1076 - AT - Income Tax

Assessment u/s 153C - recording of satisfaction note by the AO of the appellant company for initiating assessment proceeding u/s 153C in the case of the appellant company - HELD THAT - The issue raised in additional ground is squarely covered by the decision of Super Mall Pvt. Ltd. 2020 (3) TMI 361 - SUPREME COURT and Ganpati Fincap Services Pvt. Ltd. 2017 (5) TMI 1425 - DELHI HIGH COURT We therefore following the reasoning given in above mentioned decisions hold that the AO has not recorded satisfaction note for initiating proceedings under section 153C of the Act in the hands of the appellant/company; M/s. Esteem Steel (P.) Ltd. Accordingly the assessment order is held void ab-initio. Consequentially the impugned order is set aside and the addition is deleted. Addition on surrender of income - share application money - HELD THAT - The submission filed on behalf of Shri K. N. Shukla that he had not surrendered the said share application money of Rs. 2.24 Crores and had not given any authority to anyone for surrounding the said share application money of Rs. 2.24 Crores is found factually incorrect which is evident from the above scanned surrendered letter. The material on the record clearly demonstrates that Shri K. N. Shukla has surrendered the said share application money of Rs. 2.24 Crores and requested for adjustment of taxed out of seized assets. The subsequent retraction of the said surrender by not offering the income of Rs. 2.24 Crores for tax is without any basis and justification. Thus it is held that the said share application money of Rs. 2.24 Crores is of Shri K. N. Shukla whose genuineness and source thereof are not explained by Shri K. N. Shukla. Thus in view of the above we set aside the impugned order and upheld the addition of Rs. 2.24 Crores on substantive basis.

Summary

1. ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

- Whether the share application money of Rs. 2,24,00,000/- received by the appellant company is taxable as income from undisclosed sources under section 68 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the Act), or should be treated as genuine share application money.

- Whether the protective addition of Rs. 2,24,00,000/- in the hands of the share applicant, Mr. K. N. Shukla, is justified or should be deleted.

- Whether the assessment proceedings initiated under section 153C of the Act against the appellant company are valid in the absence of a satisfaction note recorded by the Assessing Officer (AO) as mandated by law.

- Whether the retraction by Mr. K. N. Shukla of his earlier surrender of income of Rs. 2.24 crores is valid and if the surrendered amount can be disallowed.

2. ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

Issue 1: Taxability of Share Application Money in the Hands of the Appellant Company

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: Section 68 of the Income Tax Act deals with unexplained cash credits, which can be treated as income if the assessee fails to satisfactorily explain the nature and source of the credited amount. The Apex Court ruling in the case of M/s Lovely Export Pvt. Ltd. was cited by the appellant to argue that share application money, if genuine and converted into share capital, should not be treated as income.

Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The CIT(A) and the Tribunal noted that the appellant company received Rs. 3.46 crores as share application money, out of which confirmations were only produced for Rs. 1.42 crores. The appellant failed to provide any evidence or confirmation regarding the Rs. 2.24 crores credited in the names of various private limited companies and Mr. K. N. Shukla, who was associated with the group. The absence of confirmations and the fact that the share application money was not converted into share capital indicated that the amount was more akin to a loan rather than genuine share capital.

The Tribunal further observed that no prudent investor would keep funds in share application money for a prolonged period without allotment of shares or any return. The appellant's failure to discharge the basic duty of proving the genuineness and creditworthiness of the parties credited with share application money led to the conclusion that the amount was rightly assessable as income from undisclosed sources under section 68.

The appellant's reliance on the Apex Court decision in M/s Lovely Export Pvt. Ltd. was rejected on the ground that the share application money was not converted into share capital, and thus the ruling was not applicable.

Key Evidence and Findings: Lack of confirmations from parties credited with share application money; non-conversion of share application money into share capital; absence of proof of existence and creditworthiness of parties.

Application of Law to Facts: The Tribunal applied section 68 to treat the unexplained share application money as income, given the failure to substantiate its genuineness.

Treatment of Competing Arguments: The appellant's argument on the applicability of the Apex Court ruling was considered but rejected due to factual distinctions. The Revenue's contention that the amount was rightly added as income was upheld.

Conclusion: The addition of Rs. 2.24 crores as income from undisclosed sources in the hands of the appellant company was sustained by the CIT(A). However, this conclusion was later revisited on jurisdictional grounds under issue 3.

Issue 2: Protective Addition in the Hands of Mr. K. N. Shukla

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: Protective additions are made to safeguard the Revenue's interest pending the outcome of substantive additions in other related assessments.

Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The CIT(A) deleted the protective addition of Rs. 2.24 crores in the hands of Mr. K. N. Shukla on the reasoning that the substantive addition had already been upheld in the hands of the appellant company, avoiding double taxation.

Key Evidence and Findings: Mr. K. N. Shukla contended that he was neither a shareholder nor director of the appellant company and had not made any share application money payment. The shares were not allotted in his name, and no genuine investor would keep funds without allotment.

Application of Law to Facts: The deletion of the protective addition was based on the principle that once the substantive addition is sustained in the hands of the company, the protective addition in the hands of the applicant becomes redundant.

Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Revenue challenged the deletion, but the CIT(A) and Tribunal upheld it, subject to the outcome of the substantive addition in the appellant company's hands.

Conclusion: Protective addition in the hands of Mr. K. N. Shukla was deleted by the CIT(A), but the Revenue challenged this deletion.

Issue 3: Jurisdictional Validity of Assessment under Section 153C of the Act

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: Section 153C of the Income Tax Act empowers the AO to assess income of a person other than the one searched if undisclosed income is found during search proceedings. However, the recording of a satisfaction note by the AO of the searched person and the AO of the other person is a mandatory pre-condition for invoking section 153C, as held by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Super Mall Pvt. Ltd. and reiterated by the Hon'ble Delhi High Court in Ganpati Fincap Services Pvt. Ltd.

The CBDT Circular No. 24/2015 dated 31.12.2015 also mandates the recording of satisfaction notes before initiating assessment under section 153C.

Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The appellant company raised an additional ground before the Tribunal contending that no satisfaction note was recorded by the AO before initiating assessment under section 153C. The Tribunal admitted this ground for adjudication as it raised a pure question of law.

Upon hearing, the Tribunal found that the Revenue failed to produce any satisfaction note on record despite multiple opportunities and adjournments. The RTI reply from the AO's office confirmed the absence of such a document.

Following the binding precedents of the Supreme Court and the Delhi High Court, the Tribunal held that the absence of a satisfaction note rendered the assessment order void ab initio. Consequently, the addition of Rs. 2.24 crores in the hands of the appellant company was deleted.

Key Evidence and Findings: Non-production of satisfaction note by the Revenue; RTI response confirming absence; reliance on authoritative judicial precedents and CBDT circular.

Application of Law to Facts: The procedural requirement under section 153C was not complied with; hence, the assessment was invalid.

Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Revenue was given multiple opportunities to produce the satisfaction note but failed. The appellant's argument was accepted in full.

Conclusion: The assessment under section 153C against the appellant company was held void ab initio for lack of satisfaction note, leading to deletion of the addition.

Issue 4: Retraction of Surrender by Mr. K. N. Shukla and Taxability of Share Application Money in His Hands

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: Surrender of income during search proceedings under section 132 and related provisions is binding unless retracted with justification. Explanation 5 to section 271(1)(c) and section 132(4) of the Act govern such surrender and its consequences.

Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Revenue produced a letter signed by Mr. K. N. Shukla surrendering income of Rs. 2.24 crores on account of share application money paid to the appellant company, requesting adjustment of tax dues against seized assets.

The Tribunal found that Mr. Shukla's subsequent retraction by filing a return without offering this income was without any justification or explanation. The surrender was made voluntarily and was supported by the signed letter, which was treated as binding.

Therefore, the Tribunal held that the share application money of Rs. 2.24 crores was attributable to Mr. Shukla, and since its source and genuineness were not satisfactorily explained, the addition was upheld on substantive basis.

Key Evidence and Findings: Signed surrender letter by Mr. Shukla; absence of any explanation for retraction; tax paid on surrendered income by a related company.

Application of Law to Facts: The surrender was binding and retraction without justification was not accepted; hence, the addition was sustained.

Treatment of Competing Arguments: Mr. Shukla's contention of non-surrender and non-investment was rejected based on documentary evidence.

Conclusion: The addition of Rs. 2.24 crores in the hands of Mr. K. N. Shukla was upheld on substantive basis.

3. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

- "It is the primary duty of the appellant to get all necessary evidences in support of its contention that the amount of Rs. 2.24 crores shown in the account of share application money is really received from those persons whose names are appearing in the books of accounts. Without discharging such basic duty which is legally incumbent on it, the appellant cannot contend that there is no material available with the A.O. to make this addition."

- "Unless the share application money is converted to share capital by issue of shares the said amount represents loan from the so-called subscribers. Hence the said ruling of the Apex Court has no application to the facts of the instant case."

- "The existence of the 'Satisfaction Note' before making assessment u/s. 153C of the Act is mandatory and according to him the said aspect is missing in the present case."

- "Following the reasoning given by the Hon'ble Supreme Court and the Hon'ble Delhi High Court in above mentioned decisions, hold that the AO has not recorded satisfaction note for initiating proceedings under section 153C of the Act in the hands of the appellant/company; M/s. Esteem Steel (P.) Ltd. Accordingly, the assessment order is held void ab-initio."

- "The submission filed on behalf of Shri K. N. Shukla that he had not surrendered the said share application money of Rs. 2.24 Crores and had not given any authority to anyone for surrendering the said share application money of Rs. 2.24 Crores is found factually incorrect which is evident from the above scanned surrendered letter."

- "The subsequent retraction of the said surrender by not offering the income of Rs. 2.24 Crores for tax is without any basis and justification."

- The Tribunal allowed the appeal of the appellant company by setting aside the addition of Rs. 2.24 crores on the ground of invalid assessment under section 153C, while dismissing the Revenue's appeal in Mr. K. N. Shukla's case, thereby upholding the addition in his hands on substantive basis.