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Interpretation of the definition of 'holding' under the Andhra Pradesh Land Reforms Act, 1973. Analysis: The case involved an appeal against the High Court's judgment regarding the interpretation of the term 'holding' under the Andhra Pradesh Land Reforms Act, 1973. The respondent had transferred land under unregistered sale deeds and a gift deed but did not include them in his declaration under the Act. The Land Reforms Tribunal computed his holding and asked him to surrender excess land. The Appellate Tribunal confirmed this decision, leading to a revision in the High Court. The High Court held that the transferred land could not be included in the respondent's holding. The Supreme Court analyzed the definition of 'holding' under the Act, which includes land held by various persons in different capacities. The Explanation clarified that the same land could be part of the holding of multiple persons holding it in various capacities. The Attorney General argued that the transferred land should still be considered part of the respondent's holding. The respondent contended that 'held' in the definition implied ownership with possession. The Court referred to the Oxford Dictionary definition of 'held,' which includes ownership and possession. It concluded that even without a valid title deed, possession pursuant to an agreement for sale is legal, and the transferor remains the owner. The Court held that the respondent satisfied the conditions of the definition of 'holding,' and the transferred land formed part of his holding. The Court addressed the potential anomaly of the same land being part of multiple persons' holdings. It referenced relevant sections of the Act, highlighting provisions safeguarding the interests of owners and persons in possession. The Court emphasized the clear and unambiguous language of the definition of 'holding,' which allows the same land to be part of various persons' holdings in different capacities. The Court also dismissed the argument based on a form under the Act, stating it did not support the respondent's contention. Ultimately, the Supreme Court allowed the appeal, setting aside the High Court's order and restoring that of the Land Reforms Tribunal. The Court concluded that the transferred land should be considered part of the respondent's holding as per the Act's definition.
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