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Definition / Legal Terminology / Words & Phrases
Home List Manuals Indian Laws ManualIndian Laws - GeneralDefinition / Legal Terminology / Words & Phrases This
 

Indian Laws - General

Definition / Legal Terminology / Words & Phrases


Chapters / List

  1. A causa de
  2. Ab Initio
  3. A/C Abbreviation
  4. Abjure
  5. About
  6. Abridge
  7. Absconding
  8. Absolute Law
  9. Absolute
  10. Abstract
  11. Abuse
  12. Access
  13. Accession
  14. Accessory
  15. Accident
  16. Accommodation
  17. Accompany
  18. Accrual basis
  19. Accused
  20. Acknowledgement
  21. Acquainted
  22. Principle of acquiescence
  23. Distinction between acquiescence and laches
  24. Acquire
  25. Act of State
  26. Actionable
  27. Actionable Claim
  28. Actual
  29. Actual loss
  30. Actus reus
  31. word ad hoc, stop gap and fortuitous
  32. AD IDEM
  33. Ad litem
  34. Ad punctum temporis
  35. Addressee
  36. Adequate
  37. Adjourn
  38. Adjudication
  39. Admonition
  40. Adopt
  41. Advance
  42. Adverse
  43. Advertisement
  44. Advice
  45. Advise
  46. Affect
  47. Affirm
  48. Affix
  49. Aforesaid
  50. Against
  51. As against; as between
  52. Agante
  53. Mercantile agent
  54. Distributor or selling agent
  55. Del credere agent
  56. Forwarding agent
  57. Nature of relationship of master and servant, principal and agent, and between principal and principal
  58. Aggrieved
  59. Agnates
  60. Agony
  61. Agree
  62. Agreement
  63. Agriculturist
  64. Primary agricultural Credit Society
  65. Agricultural Produce
  66. Agriculture
  67. Word "Aid"
  68. Aircraft
  69. Airgun
  70. Alibi
  71. Alimony
  72. Alive
  73. Word "All"
  74. Allegation
  75. Alliance
  76. Allow
  77. Alloy
  78. Word "also"
  79. Alter
  80. Material alteration
  81. Alternative
  82. Latent ambiguity
  83. Patent ambiguity
  84. Amendment
  85. Effect of Amendment- Prospective or retrospective
  86. Amenity
  87. Amicus Curiae
  88. Amnesty
  89. Amortization
  90. Amount
  91. An Anglo-Indian
  92. Anarchy
  93. Ancient
  94. Annoy
  95. Annoyance
  96. Anomaly
  97. Anonymous
  98. Ante Natus
  99. Ante-factum
  100. Antecedent
  101. Word "any"
  102. At Any Time
  103. At Any Time Prior To
  104. Apparatus
  105. Apparent
  106. Apparent heir
  107. Appearance
  108. Appliance
  109. Apportionment
  110. Apprentice
  111. Principle of appropriation
  112. Appropriation/appropriate
  113. Disapproval
  114. Approval
  115. Approximate
  116. Appurtenance
  117. Arable
  118. Arbitrary
  119. Manifestly arbitrary
  120. Archaeology and Epigraphy
  121. Archives
  122. Argument
  123. Arise
  124. Aristocracy
  125. Arrears
  126. Article
  127. Artificial Juridical Person/ Legal person
  128. Meaning of the word 'as'
  129. Expression 'as if'
  130. Phrase 'as is where is'
  131. Word "As per"
  132. Ascertain
  133. Assemble
  134. Assent
  135. Assess
  136. Assessee
  137. Assignee and Nominee
  138. Assignment
  139. Associate
  140. Association
  141. Attachment
  142. Power of Attorney (POA)
  143. Audit
  144. Authentication of electronic records
  145. Authentication
  146. Author
  147. Authority
  148. Autocracy
  149. Autonomy
  150. Autrefois acquit
  151. Principle of ‘autrefois convict’ or ‘double jeopardy’
  152. Auxiliary
  153. Business auxiliary service
  154. Doctrine of avoidable consequences
  155. Avoidance
  156. Definition of Bail
  157. Rule of bail
  158. Ballot
  159. Banking
  160. Banking Company
  161. Expression 'bar'
  162. Barrier
  163. Barter
  164. Before
  165. Behavior
  166. Beneficial Estate
  167. Principles of Beneficial construction
  168. Beneficial Use
  169. Beneficial Enjoyment
  170. Bequeath
  171. Betting and Gambling
  172. Beverages
  173. Doctrine of bias
  174. Test of disqualification due to apparent bias
  175. Word "Bias"
  176. Bicycle and Rickshaw
  177. Right to receive bill of lading and effect of mate's receipt
  178. Binding Effect of circulars / orders / instructions
  179. Bitumen
  180. Blacklist
  181. Blue pencil doctrine (test)
  182. Bodily
  183. Word "Body"
  184. Bolam test
  185. Bona Fide
  186. Word 'Bond'
  187. Bonus
  188. Bonus shares
  189. Book value
  190. Borrow
  191. Boycott
  192. Brackets Or Parentheses
  193. Brain death/cessation of life
  194. Brick
  195. Brief
  196. Bring
  197. Broker
  198. Building
  199. Bullion
  200. Business
  201. Calamity
  202. In camera
  203. Can and cannot
  204. Cancel
  205. Principles Of En-Masse Cancellation
  206. Canvas
  207. Caoutchouc
  208. Capita, PER
  209. Capitalisation
  210. Caption
  211. Care-giver
  212. Cargo
  213. Carpet Area
  214. Carry
  215. Cartel
  216. Caste
  217. Casual
  218. Catering establishment
  219. Cause Or Matter
  220. Cause of action
  221. Caveat
  222. Cease
  223. Cereals
  224. Writ of Certiorari
  225. Chairman
  226. Chance
  227. Change
  228. Essential requirements of legal Charity
  229. Charity
  230. Claim
  231. Class
  232. Co-operative Bank
  233. Co-operative society
  234. Coachwork
  235. Word coal
  236. Codicil
  237. Cohabitation
  238. Word Coke
  239. White-collar crime
  240. Collateral contracts and collateral warranties
  241. Collateral challenge or attack
  242. Colon
  243. Commence
  244. Commercial
  245. Communication
  246. Compensation
  247. Doctrine of Competence-Competence(Kompetenz-Kompetenz)
  248. Components
  249. Compromise
  250. Computer Resource
  251. Computer System
  252. Concealment
  253. Going concern
  254. Concern
  255. Congregationalism and episcopal
  256. Connivance
  257. Consent
  258. Consideration
  259. Adequate consideration
  260. Consignor
  261. Constitution Bench
  262. Consultation
  263. Consumer
  264. Consume
  265. Consumption
  266. Container
  267. Doctrine of Contemporanea Expositio
  268. Contemporaneous
  269. Contest
  270. Non-contestable
  271. Continuing offence
  272. Rule of Contra Proferentem
  273. Contract
  274. Distinction between contract of sale and contract for work and labour
  275. Wagering Contract
  276. Bilateral Contract
  277. A contrario sensu
  278. Contravention
  279. Control
  280. Principle of forum conveniens
  281. Doctrine of Forum non Conveniens
  282. Conveyance
  283. Coparcenary
  284. Corporation tax
  285. Doctrine of "Lifting the Corporate Veil" Or "Piercing the corporate veil"
  286. Corporation aggregate
  287. Body corporate Or Corporation
  288. Corrigendum
  289. Corroboration
  290. Cosmetic
  291. Court
  292. Court of Record
  293. Doctrine Of Coverture
  294. Concept Of Crime
  295. Current Account
  296. Custody
  297. Danger
  298. Days included or excluded
  299. Dead freight
  300. Dead Rent
  301. Word "Debt"
  302. Decoder
  303. Deemed
  304. Doctrine of Delay and Laches
  305. Delegate
  306. Delegation
  307. Democracy
  308. Demurrer
  309. Distinction between a "Earnest Or Deposit and An advance part payment of price"
  310. Depository
  311. Term “in derogation of”
  312. Determination
  313. Determine
  314. Obiter dictum (Dicta)
  315. Principles for Understanding the Role of Context, Dictionary Meanings, and Legislative Intent
  316. Digital Signature
  317. Due diligence
  318. Direction
  319. Directly
  320. Disability
  321. Wholly and Permanently Disabled
  322. Disaster
  323. Disbursement
  324. Discharge
  325. Disclosure
  326. Discretion
  327. Discrimination
  328. Disgraceful Conduct
  329. Dishonour
  330. Disinfectant, Pesticides and Fungicides
  331. Disparage
  332. Dispose
  333. Dispute
  334. Distinction between obiter dictum and ratio decidendi
  335. Distribution
  336. De Facto Doctrine
  337. Clean-hands doctrine
  338. Documents
  339. Dominus Litis
  340. Principle Against Doubtful Penalisation
  341. Word `Due'
  342. Doctrine of 'Duty to Act fairly'
  343. E-commerce operator
  344. Concept of Earnest Money
  345. Non-continuous easement
  346. Edible
  347. Education
  348. Ejusdem generis
  349. "Electronic Mail" and "Electronic Mail Message"
  350. Electromagnetic waves
  351. Electronic verification code
  352. Electronic record
  353. Employ
  354. Employer
  355. Enactments
  356. Encumbrance
  357. Endowment
  358. Enforce
  359. Engineering
  360. Enquiry
  361. Entertain
  362. Entertainment
  363. Entrust
  364. Equivalent
  365. Word "Era"
  366. Doctrine of "Escheat" Or "Bona vacantia"
  367. Essential
  368. Establishment
  369. Estate duty
  370. Estate
  371. Et seq
  372. Word “etc.”
  373. Evade
  374. Ex parte
  375. Exchange
  376. Execute and Executed
  377. Execution
  378. Exhibition
  379. Existence
  380. Expedient
  381. Expenditure
  382. Explosive
  383. Exposition ex visceribus actus
  384. Maxim ‘expressio unius est exclusio alterius’
  385. Extinguishment
  386. Extraordinary circumstances
  387. Fabric
  388. Calender fabrics
  389. False
  390. Family
  391. Principles on Family Settlement or Arrangements
  392. Distinction between Misfeasance (positive action) and Non-feasance (omission)
  393. Malfeasance, Misfeasance or Non-feasance
  394. Federalism
  395. Word 'Fee'
  396. Fertilizer
  397. Fibre
  398. Rayon fibre
  399. Artificial Fibres
  400. Fiduciary relationship
  401. Word "file/filed"
  402. Finance
  403. Finding
  404. Doctrine of First sale/Principle of Exhaustion
  405. Term Fish
  406. Fishing vessel
  407. Fittings
  408. Fluorescence
  409. Fodder
  410. Foodstuff and food
  411. Force Majeure
  412. Forfeiture
  413. Word 'Form'
  414. Forthwith
  415. A fortiori
  416. Founder and foundation
  417. Fraud
  418. Freeze
  419. Word "From"
  420. Functus officio
  421. Furtherance
  422. Word 'Gain'
  423. Galvanization
  424. Game/ Sport
  425. General and Special
  426. General insurance business
  427. Maxim of generalia specialibus non derogant
  428. Distinction between "a Gift and a Grant"
  429. Word 'Gift'
  430. Godowns and warehouses
  431. Golden Rule of Interpretation of Statutes
  432. Good faith
  433. Goods
  434. Goods carriage
  435. Goodwill
  436. Government establishment
  437. Constitutional Government
  438. Gratification
  439. Gross vehicle weight
  440. Group of Companies doctrine
  441. Guarantee
  442. Guardian
  443. Gypsum
  444. Writ of Habeas Corpus
  445. Handicraft
  446. Hard cases
  447. Principle of Harmonious Construction
  448. Hash function
  449. Hazardous
  450. Heavy Passenger Motor Vehicle
  451. Hedging Transaction
  452. Word "Heir"
  453. Legal heir
  454. Classes of Heirs (Muslim Law)
  455. Heydon’s /Mischief Rule
  456. High support
  457. Hinduism
  458. Word "hold" or "held"
  459. Hotel
  460. Hygiene
  461. Immaterial
  462. Immediately
  463. Immovable property
  464. Principles relating to Implied terms
  465. Import and Export
  466. Incident
  467. Incidental
  468. Inclusive education
  469. Income
  470. Inconvenience
  471. Principle of Incorporation
  472. Independent
  473. Indian Insurance Company
  474. Indian ship
  475. Inference
  476. Infirm
  477. Information and communication technology
  478. Infra
  479. Inheritance
  480. Initiate
  481. Install
  482. Insult
  483. Insurable Interest
  484. Fidelity insurance
  485. Insurer
  486. Integral
  487. Inter vivos
  488. Interest
  489. Interim Order
  490. International Financial Services Centre
  491. Interpretation of treaties
  492. Strict interpretation
  493. Role of Court in Interpretation
  494. Intersection
  495. Intra Vires
  496. Invention
  497. Involve
  498. Expression “is”
  499. Issue
  500. Jewellery
  501. Joint and Several
  502. Judgment
  503. Principle of Judicial Non-Interference
  504. Judicially separated
  505. Jurisdictional fact
  506. Jurisdiction
  507. Word Just
  508. Just and Equitable
  509. Khadi
  510. Knowledge
  511. Constructive knowledge
  512. Word 'land'
  513. Ad largum
  514. BY-LAWS
  515. Financial lease
  516. Lease
  517. Legal proceedings
  518. Legal Representative
  519. Doctrine of Legitimate Expectation
  520. Lethal
  521. Word 'Levy'
  522. Liability
  523. Licence
  524. Maritime lien
  525. Statutory lien
  526. Word 'Lien'
  527. Words “in lieu of”
  528. Life Insurance Business
  529. Light Motor Vehicle
  530. Lime (calcium oxide)
  531. Statutes of limitation
  532. Limited liability partnership agreement
  533. Liquidated damages and Penalties
  534. Word ‘Lis’
  535. Livestock
  536. Word Loan
  537. Local
  538. Local Area
  539. Local authority
  540. Locus standi
  541. Word lorry/Truck and Cranes
  542. Non-Pecuniary loss 
  543. Constructive loss
  544. Word 'loss'
  545. Luxury
  546. Made/ Make
  547. Mala fides
  548. Management Sciences
  549. Writ of Mandamus
  550. Manufacture
  551. Interpretation of Marginal note
  552. Marketing
  553. Distinction between `Material facts' and `Material particulars'
  554. Material
  555. Means and Includes
  556. Medicine
  557. Medium Goods Vehicle
  558. Medium Passenger Motor Vehicle
  559. Meeting
  560. Menace
  561. Word "mere"
  562. Metropolitan area
  563. Word "mill"
  564. Differences between Mill board and straw board
  565. Mimansa Rules of Interpretation [Gunapradhan Axiom]
  566. De minimis
  567. Ministerial, ministerial office, ministerial act and ministerial duty
  568. Minority
  569. Misconduct
  570. Mistake Or Error Apparent
  571. Mistake
  572. Modify
  573. Modo et forma
  574. Money
  575. Monopoly
  576. Calender month
  577. Moral Turpitude
  578. Morality AND Immoral
  579. Movable Property
  580. Mutatis Mutandis
  581. Doctrine of Mutuality
  582. Namely
  583. Natural Justice
  584. Natural Gas
  585. Nazul
  586. Necessaries
  587. Negligence
  588. Negotiation
  589. Non obstante clause / Notwithstanding
  590. Non-Banking Financial Company(NBFC)
  591. Doctrine of Noscitur A Sociis
  592. Word "note"
  593. ‘Giving of notice’ and ‘receiving of the notice’
  594. Novation
  595. Nudum pactum
  596. Nullus commodum capere potest de injuria sua propria
  597. Nursery
  598. Objection
  599. Obscenity
  600. Observation
  601. Obstruct
  602. Obtain
  603. Occasion
  604. Doctrine of Occupied Field
  605. Occurrence
  606. Word "of"
  607. Of Course
  608. Offensive
  609. Colour of office
  610. Office
  611. On account
  612. Word 'only'
  613. Open Market
  614. By Operation of Law
  615. Difference between “Decision” and “Opinion”
  616. change of opinion
  617. ‘Or’, ‘may’ and ‘And’
  618. Ordinary
  619. Organise
  620. Originator
  621. Other
  622. Owelty
  623. Own, Ownership, Owned
  624. Word Pane
  625. Paper
  626. Paralegal
  627. Doctrine of Parens Patriae
  628. Pari passu
  629. Pari Materia
  630. Parole
  631. Part performance
  632. Participant
  633. Particle Boards
  634. Partner
  635. Partnership
  636. Patent
  637. “Patented article” and “Patented process”
  638. Patently illegal
  639. Paternity
  640. Patterns, Dies and templates
  641. Expression 'in the pay of'
  642. Payable
  643. Payment
  644. Pending
  645. Pension
  646. Concept Of Pension
  647. People
  648. Per Incuriam
  649. Perfume
  650. Perjury
  651. Permanent
  652. Perpetuity
  653. Person
  654. Person with benchmark disability
  655. Personal law
  656. Personal
  657. Perverse
  658. Petroleum
  659. Philanthropic
  660. Doctrine of Pith and Substance
  661. Word "Plain"
  662. Plastic
  663. Pledge
  664. Polygraph
  665. Word 'poor'
  666. Population
  667. Portable
  668. Physical and Legal Possession
  669. Dispossession and Discontinuance
  670. Potato
  671. Impracticable
  672. Practicable
  673. Pre- Emption: Future Domain Doctrine
  674. Rule of Binding Precedence(Article 141)
  675. Precedent
  676. Binding precedent
  677. Precincts
  678. Precise
  679. Preference
  680. Without prejudice
  681. Prejudice
  682. Premeditate
  683. Premises
  684. Preparatory
  685. Preponderance of the evidence
  686. Doctrine of the balance or preponderance of probabilities
  687. Prerogative
  688. Presumption
  689. Price
  690. Principal
  691. Principle
  692. Printing
  693. Priori Petent
  694. Private establishment
  695. Privilege
  696. Parliamentary Privileges
  697. Doctrine of Privity
  698. Probability
  699. Process
  700. Produce and Production
  701. Profession and Occupation
  702. Practise the Profession of Law
  703. Promissory estoppel
  704. Pronounce
  705. "Burden Of Proof" and "Onus Of Proof"
  706. Property
  707. Doctrine of Proportionality
  708. Proportionality Test
  709. Proprietorship
  710. Propriety
  711. Doctrine of Prospective Overruling-
  712. Protest
  713. Defeat the provision of law
  714. Provision
  715. Proviso
  716. Prurient
  717. Public building
  718. Public facilities and services
  719. Public Interest Litigation(PIL)
  720. Public policy
  721. Public purpose
  722. Public Servant
  723. Doctrine of the Public Trust
  724. Public Utility
  725. Publish
  726. Purge
  727. Purport
  728. Purpose and intention
  729. Purposive approach
  730. Pushtaini and Gair Pushtaini
  731. Qualification
  732. Quarry
  733. Question/doubt
  734. Question of law
  735. Quia Timet
  736. Writ Of Quo warranto
  737. Quorum
  738. Railway
  739. Ratio decidendi
  740. Raw Material
  741. Principles of “Reading Down”
  742. Reason To Believe
  743. Reason
  744. Reasonable suspicion 
  745. Reasonable
  746. Reasonable accommodation
  747. Rebate and Concession
  748. Recapitalization
  749. Receipt
  750. Reckless
  751. Recommend
  752. Record
  753. Rectify
  754. Refuse and Withdraw
  755. Registered organisation
  756. Regulate
  757. Rehabilitation
  758. Reinstate
  759. “in relation to”
  760. Religion
  761. Religious denomination
  762. Remission
  763. Partial remission
  764. Word 'Rent'
  765. Renunciation
  766. Effect of repeal
  767. Repeal, Substitute and Omission
  768. Repugnancy
  769. Word "RES"
  770. Principles of Res Judicata
  771. Principle of Res ipsa loquitur
  772. Resides
  773. Resins
  774. Resources
  775. Word 'Rest'
  776. Restitution
  777. Restriction
  778. Restrictive covenant
  779. Difference between "Voluntary retirement" and "Resignation"
  780. Retrospective/ Retroactivity
  781. Revenue
  782. Review
  783. Reward
  784. Term 'road'
  785. Letter rogatory
  786. Royalty
  787. Commonsense Construction Rule
  788. Rule of Law
  789. Word 'Sale'
  790. Word "same"
  791. Sanction
  792. Saving clause
  793. Scandal
  794. Scheme
  795. Scrap
  796. Scrip
  797. Sea-going
  798. Security
  799. Security receipt
  800. Security deposit
  801. Concept of Separability or severability
  802. Separation of powers: a nuanced modern doctrine
  803. Setting up
  804. Word 'shall'
  805. Shearing
  806. Ships
  807. Word 'shop'
  808. Short circuit
  809. Show cause
  810. Signature
  811. Sine die
  812. Slurry
  813. Software
  814. term ‘sole’ or ‘solely’
  815. As soon as practicable
  816. Source
  817. Special Employment Exchange
  818. Specific
  819. Specified disability
  820. Spectacles
  821. Spend
  822. Spiritual
  823. Standard
  824. Doctrine of Stare Decisis
  825. Status
  826. Status quo
  827. Statute
  828. Declaratory statutes
  829. Stipend
  830. Store or storage 
  831. Strand
  832. Principles of Strict Construction
  833. Word "strip"
  834. Structure
  835. Subject to
  836. Officer, Subordinate, Officer subordinate
  837. Subrogation
  838. Subsidy
  839. Substance
  840. Doctrine of 'Substantial Compliance' and 'Intended use'
  841. Substantial
  842. Substantive law and Procedural law
  843. Substantive evidence
  844. Substantive clause
  845. Successor
  846. Word ‘such’
  847. Sufficient cause
  848. Suggestio Falsi
  849. Suggestion
  850. Sui Generis
  851. Sui Juris
  852. Word 'Suit'
  853. Law suit
  854. Word "sum"
  855. Summary
  856. Supervision
  857. Supervisor
  858. To supply
  859. Support
  860. Supposition
  861. Suppress
  862. Supra 
  863. Surcharge
  864. Surplus
  865. Suspension
  866. Tangible
  867. Intangible asset
  868. Tax on Income
  869. Tax on the Sale or purchase of goods
  870. Distinction between a Tax and Fee
  871. Taxation
  872. Word "tea"
  873. Technology
  874. Telescope and Theodolite
  875. Tenancy and Tenancy at sufferance
  876. Incidents of tenancy
  877. 'Tenant' and 'Holdover Tenant'
  878. Tender
  879. Difference between auction and tender
  880. Tenure
  881. Doctrine of Territorial Nexus
  882. Textile
  883. Words "that is to say"
  884. Thing
  885. Word "this" and "that"
  886. Through
  887. Timber
  888. From time to time
  889. Word 'to'
  890. Expression "tolls"
  891. Tonnage
  892. Expression "toy""
  893. Tractor
  894. Trade
  895. Concept of trade mark
  896. Transcript
  897. Transfer
  898. Transit
  899. Transportation systems
  900. Treaty shopping
  901. Trespass
  902. Word 'trial'
  903. True and first inventor
  904. Trust
  905. Doctrine of Uberrima fidei
  906. Ultimate
  907. Doctrine of ultra vires 
  908. Undertake/Undertaking
  909. Undisclosed Foreign Income and Asset
  910. Undisclosed Asset Located Outside India
  911. Unemployment
  912. Unfair competition
  913. Unilateral
  914. Unincorporated Body
  915. Universal design
  916. University
  917. Doctrine of Unjust Enrichment
  918. Unladen weight
  919. Word 'use'
  920. Utensil
  921. Valuable consideration
  922. Valuable
  923. Volume and Value
  924. Value of an Undisclosed Asset
  925. Time value of money
  926. Varnish
  927. Vegetable
  928. Venire
  929. Verdict
  930. Verify
  931. Verify
  932. Versus
  933. Ocean-going vessel-going vessel
  934. Vesting
  935. Expression "Veto"
  936. Vexatious
  937. Expression "Vide"
  938. Expression "View"
  939. Vigilance
  940. Village Industry
  941. Vitiate
  942. Voir dire 
  943. Voluntary
  944. Expression "Vote"
  945. Voucher
  946. Wages
  947. Waiver
  948. Principle of Waiver
  949. Warranty
  950. Waste
  951. Wealth
  952. Weaving
  953. Born Out Of Wedlock
  954. Wednesbury principle
  955. Expression "Week"
  956. Word "when"
  957. Whistleblower
  958. Whole
  959. Wholesale
  960. Wilful/wilful disobedience
  961. Willful
  962. Will, Joint wills and Mutual wills
  963. Winnings
  964. Withhold
  965. "Mandatory and Directory Or Permissive Words"
  966. Statutory Interpretation of 'words and phrases'
  967. Work of Art
  968. Workman
  969. Worth
  970. Word 'Yarn'
 
 
 

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